BULL. 30] 



SAN DIEGO SANDUSKY 



431 



there were 740; in 1790, 856; and in 1800, 

 1,523, the mission at that time being the 

 most populous in California. In 1797 

 there were 554 baptisms, tiie second 

 largest number recorded for a single year 

 at any California mission. Fages re- 

 ported in 1787 that on account of the 

 sterility of the soil not more than half 

 the neophytes lived at the mission, and 

 indeed it seems that the converts lived 

 more independently than at the other 

 missions, occupying to a large extent 

 their own rancherias. About the year 

 1800 extensive irrigation works were be- 

 gun, including a large dam, still in exist- 

 ence, which was constructed about Sj m. 

 above the mission, though this may not 

 have been finished before 1817 or even 

 later. Anew church was built and dedi- 

 cated Nov. 12, 1813. During the decade 

 endingwith 1820thedeath rateamongthe 

 neophytes was 77 per cent of baptisms and 

 35 per cent of population. The greatest 

 number of neophvtes, 1,829, was reached 

 in 1824, while by 1830, the number had 

 decreased to about the same as in 1820. 

 During this decade the mission attained 

 its greatest prosperity and had several 

 ranches and cattle stations in the neigh- 

 boring valleys. One of the most impor- 

 tant was at Santa Isabel, where a chapel 

 was built in 1822 for the 450 neophytes 

 of that place. From the time of its 

 founding to its secularization in 1834, 

 when statistics ceased, the total number 

 of Indians baptized numbered 6,036, of 

 whom 2,685 were children. As the neo- 

 phytes here had never been so closely 

 attached to the mission as elsewhere, the 

 change due to secularization was not 

 great, the decay of the mission having 

 begun a decade before. The opportunity 

 was given the Indians in 1833 to become 

 independent of the mission and take up 

 lands for themselves, but very few ac- 

 cepted the offer. In Nov. 1834, the na- 

 tive pueblo of San Pascual was reported 

 to contain 34 families. In 1840 there 

 were still about 800 ex-neophytes nomi- 

 nally under the control of mission au- 

 thorities, though but 50 at the mission 

 proper. The mission building and or- 

 chards still remained in charge of the 

 padres till about 1846, when they were 

 sold by Governor Pico. In 1852 the build- 

 ings were used as barracks by United 

 States troops. Of the old adobe church 

 but little now remains excepting the 

 facade and some crumbling walls, but 

 steps have been taken by the Landmarks 

 Club of California to prevent further de- 

 cay. The Indians in the neighborhood 

 of San Diago, from whom the mission 

 drew most of its neophytes, belong to 

 the Yiunan linguistic stock, and have 

 been given the collective name Dieguenos 

 (q. v.). > (a. bTl.) 



San Diego. A Cora pueblo and former- 

 ly a visita of the mission of Santa F^. ; sit- 

 uated on the w. bank of Rio San Pedro, 

 lat. 22° 10^ Jalisco, Mexico, 12 m. s. of 

 Rosa Morada. 

 S. Diego.— Orozco y Berra, Geog., 280, 1864. 



San Diego del Rio (Saint James of the 

 River). A former Tepehuane pueblo in 

 Durango, Mexico, and the seat of a Span- 

 ish mission. 

 S. Diego del Rio.— Orozco y Berra, Geog., 319, 1864. 



San Dieguito (Little Saint James). A 

 Diegueno settlement, established after the 

 secularization act of 1834, about halfway 

 between San Diego and San Luis Rey 

 missions, s. Cal. 



San Dieguito.— Arguello (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 

 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 117, 1857. San Dieguito.— 

 Kroeber in Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Arch, and Eth., 

 IV, 146, 1907. Sinyaupichkara.— Ibid. 149 (native 

 name). TTnov. — Ibid. (Luiseiioname). 



San Dionysio (Saint Dennis). A former 

 Yuma rancheria on the n. bank of Gila 

 r., near its mouth, in Arizona, visited and 

 so named by Father Kino in 1700. It 

 was directly across the Colorado from 

 Concepcion mission, the site of the sub- 

 sequent Ft Yuma. See Cones, Garc^s 

 Diary, 1900. 



Falma's rancheria. — Anza (1774) in Bancroft, Ariz, 

 and N. Mex., 3.S9, 1889 (named from the Yuma 

 chief). San Dionysio. — Venegas, Hist. Cal., I, 301, 

 1759. S. Dionisio.— Anza (1774) cited by Bancroft, 

 Ariz, and N. Mex., 3S9, 1889. S, Dionysio.— Ve- 

 negas, Hist. Cal., i, map, 1759. S. Dionysius.— 

 Kino, map (1702), in Stocklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 

 74, 1726. S. Doonysio.— Kino, map (1701) in Ban- 

 croft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 360, 1889 (misprint). 



Sand Painting. See Dry Painting. 



Sand Papago. A term formerly locally 

 applied to the Indians around Sonoita, 

 called by the Spaniards Papagos Arena- 

 nos, from their frequenting, at certain sea- 

 sons of the year, the wild wastes which 

 stretch away along the shores of the Gulf 

 of California, feeding principally on fish, 

 jaivas, and a singular root which is found 

 in the sand drifts. — Taylor in Cal. Farmer, 

 Dec. 28, 1860. 



Sand Town. A former Upper Creek 

 town on the right bank of Chattahoochee 

 r., at the mouth of Sweetwater cr., Doug- 

 las CO. , Ga. The land was ceded to the 

 United States by treaty of Washington, 

 D. C, Jan. 24, 1826.— Royce in 18th Rep. 

 B. A. E., pt. 2, 714, and Ga. map, 1899. 

 See Uktahasasi. 



Sand Town. A former Upper Creek 

 town on Chattahoochee r. near the pres- 

 ent Sand Town, Campbell co., Ga. — 

 Rovce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., Ga. map, 

 1899. 



Sandusky ( H uron : Otsaandosti, 'cool wa- 

 ter'). Two Wyandot villages formerly 

 in Ohio; the one, sometimes called Lower 

 Sandusky, was on the site of the present 

 Sandusky, Erie co., and was settled 

 in 1751 by a party of Hurons from near 

 Detroit. The other village, commonly 

 known as Upper Sandusky, was near the 



