434 



SAN FELIX DE VALOIS SAN FEANCISCO BORJA [b. a. e. 



San Felix de Valois. Mentioned in the 

 18th century as the first rancheria of the 

 Quiquiina (Quigyuma), traveUng south- 

 ward; apparently situated on the e. bank 

 of the Rio Colorado, between its mouth 

 and the junction of the Gila, probably 

 about the present Arizona-Sonora boun- 

 dary. — Bancroft, No. Mex. States, i, 497, 

 1884; Coues, Garces Diary, 177, 1900. 



San Fernando (Saint Ferdinand). A 

 Franciscan mission, founded Sept. 8, 

 1797, in Los Angeles co., Cal. The site 

 chosen is said to have been that of a 

 native rancheria called Pasecgna, but the 

 place had already been occupied as a pri- 

 vate ranch, with a house which the mis- 

 sionaries appropriated for their dwelling. 

 Bancroft says that the name of the site 

 was Achois Comihavit. The new mission 

 was dedicated by Father Lasuen to San 

 Fernando, Rey de Espana, the ceremonies 

 being witnessed by a large gathering of na- 

 tives. On the first day 10 children were 

 baptized. By the close of the year there 

 were 55 neophytes, and 310 in 1800. In 

 1806 an adobe church with tiled roof was 

 consecrated. The number of neophytes 

 reached 955 in 1810, while the death-rate 

 was lower than at most of the missions. 

 The mission seems to have been some- 

 what cramped for lands, at least numerous 

 protests were made against the granting 

 of neighboring ranches to private individ- 

 uals. Nevertheless the mission was pros- 

 perous, the average crop for the decade 

 ending 1810 being 5,220 bushels. The 

 greatest number of neophytes, 1,080, was 

 readied in 1819. After this there was a 

 decided decline in both population and 

 prosperity. In 1834 the natives num- 

 bered 792. Up to this time there had 

 been baptized 2,784 Indians, of whom 

 1,367 were children. The effect of secu- 

 larization was not so disastrous here as at 

 most of the missions, the administrators 

 in charge giving general satisfaction, so 

 that in 1840 there were still 400 Indians in 

 the ex-mission community. In 1843 San 

 Fernando was returned to the control of 

 the padres, but in 1845 was leased to pri- 

 vate individuals, and in the following year 

 was sold by Gov. Pico for $1,120. The 

 last resident minister left in 1847. The 

 old mission church was built of adobe 

 and is now in ruins, though the walls are 

 still standing; the monastery has been 

 repaired by the Landmarks Club of Cali- 

 fornia. The Indians in the neighbor- 

 hood of San Fernando belong to the Sho- 

 shonean linguistic stock and have been 

 included under the name Gabrielefios 

 (q. V. ), though more distant tribes to the 

 N. E. doubtless furnished many neophytes. 

 The following villages are recorded as 

 having existed in the neighborhood of 

 San Fernando: Kowanga, Mapipinga, 



Okowvinjha, Pascegna, Quapa, Saway- 

 yanga, Tacuenga, Tuyunga. (a. b. l. ) 



San Fernando. A former Pima ranch- 

 eria, 9 leagues e. of the ruins of Casa 

 Grande, near Rio Gila, s. Arizona; visited 

 and so named by Father Kino about 

 1697. — Bernal (1697) in Bancroft, Ariz. 

 andN. Mex., 356, 1889. 



San Fernando Vellicata. A Franciscan 

 mission founded in 1769 by Padre Juni- 

 per© Serra in the n. w. interior part of 

 Lower California, lat. 30° (Browne, Pac. 

 Slope, app., 50, 1869; Shea, Cath. Miss., 

 91, 1855). Vellicata is probably iden- 

 tical with Guiricata (see San Juan de 

 Dios). Its inhabitants are described as 

 peaceful, and, judging from the locality, 

 were Cochimi. 



San Fernando Villacata. — Taylor in Cal. Farmer, 

 Jan. 24, 1862. San Fernando Villacatta. — Browne, 

 op. cit. St. Ferdinand. — Shea, op. cit. 



San Francisco (Saint Francis). A Cora 

 pueblo and formerly a visita of the mis- 

 sion of Jesus Maria; situated on the up- 

 per M'aters of the Rio Jesus Maria, in the 

 N. part of the territory of Tepic, Mexico. 

 See Orozco y Berra, Geog., 280, 1864; 

 Lumholtz, Unknown Mex., i, 508; ii, 

 map, 1902. 



San Francisco. A rancheria near the 

 presidio of La Bahia and the mission of 

 Espiritu Santo de Ziiniga, on the lower 

 Rio San Antonio, Texas, in 1785, at which 

 date it had 17 inhabitants. These In- 

 dians were probably of Karankawan 

 affinity. See Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 

 I, 659, 1886. 



San Francisco. A mission station on 

 the lower Rio Grande, between El Paso, 

 Tex., and San Lorenzo, in 1680 (Oter- 

 min quoted by Bancroft, Ariz, and N. 

 Mex., 182, 1889). It probably pertained 

 to the Tigua or the Piro, or to both. 



San Francisco Ati (A-ti'). A Pima vil- 

 lage, visited by'Kino and Mange in 1698; 

 situated w. of the Rio Santa Cruz, in s. Ari- 

 zona. It was the seat of a mission estab- 

 lished in 1756 by Father Pfefferkorn, 

 according to Och (Nachrichten, i, 71, 

 1809). Not to be confounded with the 

 Papago settlement of Ati (q. v.) farther 

 s., on the Rio Altar, in Sonoi-a. 

 Ati. — Arricivita (1771) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz, 

 and N. Mex., 387, 18S9. Atison.— Anza and Font 

 (1780), ibid., 392 (doubtless identical; i. e., the 

 "spring" {son or zoni) of Ati). San Francisco 

 Ati.— Mange (1698) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th s., I, 

 318, 1856. S. Francisco.— Kino, map (1701), in Ban- 

 croft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 360, 1889. S. Franciscus.— 

 Kino, map (1702), in Stockleiu, Neue Welt-Bott, 

 74, 1726. 



San Francisco Borja. A mission estab- 

 lished among the Cochimi by Padre Win- 

 ceslao Link in 1762; situated in lat. 29°, 

 near the e. coast of Lower California. It 

 was apparently only a visita of San Ignacio 

 (lat. 28°) in 1745, Venegas mentioning it 

 as such in 1759. 



