BULL. 30] 



SAN LORPmZO SAN LUIS OBISPO 



447 



more than 1,000 horses (Arricivita, op. 

 cit. , 392-93) . In 1 7G7 the Viceroy, on the 

 recommendation of the Marques de Rubi, 

 ordered the mission abandoned. What 

 are apparently the ruins of this mission 

 are still plainly visible in Edwards co., 

 about 40 m. n. w. of Uvalde, (h. e. b. ) 

 Santa Cruz.— Rdbago y Teriin, Feb. 7, 1762, MS. in 

 Archive Gen. (properly the name of the Indian 

 pueblo, not of the mis.sion). 



San Lorenzo. A former Suma pueblo, 

 probably containing also some Piro and 

 Tigua, near El Paso, on the Rio Grande, 

 in Chihuahua. It was the seat of a 

 Spanish mission from 1712, and had 440 

 inhabitants in 1790, but became a Mex- 

 icanized town on the extermination of the 

 tribe. (f. w. h.) 



San Lorenzo. — Villa-Sefior, Theatro Am., ii, 360> 

 423, 1748. San Lorenzo del Real.— Ward in Ind- 

 Aff. Rep. 1867, 213, 1868. San Lorenzo el Real 

 Pueblo de Zumas.— 18th Cent. doc. cited bv Ban- 

 delier in Arch. Inst. Papers, ni, 88, 1890. S. Lo- 

 renzo. — Rivera, Diario, leg. 684, 1736. S. Lorenzo 

 del Realito.— Bonilla (1776) quoted by Bancroft, 

 Ariz, and N. Mex., 191, 1889. 



San Lucas. A Cora pueblo on the upper 

 waters of the Rio Jesus Maria, on the e. 

 border of the Cora country, in the n. part 

 of the territory of Tepic, Mexico. — Lum- 

 holtz, Unknown Mex., ii, 16, map, 1902. 



San Luis (Saint Louis). Thedistrictin 

 w. Kansas once inhabited by the Apaches 

 del Quartelejo ; so named by Juan Uribarri 

 in 1706 (Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 229, 

 236, 1889). At this time, or shortly after- 

 ward, it was within the range of the 

 Jicarillas. See Quartelejo. 



San Luis. A former Dieguefiorancheria 

 near San Diego, s. Cal. — Ortega (1775) 

 quoted by Bancroft, Hist. Cal., i, 253, 1884. 



San Luis Babi. A ranciheria, probably 

 of the Papago, visited by Father Kino in 

 1701; situated in n. w. Sonora, Mexico, 

 between Busanic and Cocospera. 

 S. Luis Babi (?).— Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 497, 

 1884. 



San Luis de Apalache. A principal town 

 and mission of the Apalachee, formerly 

 situated, according to Fairbanks (Hist. 

 Fla., 123, 1901), 2 m. w^ of the present 

 Tallahassee, Fla. The settlement is 

 named in a letter of the chiefs to the King 

 of Spain in 1688, and was destroyed, with 

 the mission church and fort, by the Eng- 

 lish and their Indian allies under Gov. 

 Moore in 1704. (j. m. ) 



San Luis.— Fairbanks, Fla., 123, 1901. San Luis de 

 Apalachi.— Doc. of 1688 quoted bvGatschet, Creek 

 Migr. Leg., i, 76, 1884. St. Lewis.— Carroll, Hist. 

 Coll. S. C, n, 57.5, 1836 (the fort). St. Lewisses.— 

 Ibid., 353. St. Louis.— Brackenridge (1827) in 

 Williams, West Fla., 107, 1827. 



San Luis de las Amarillas. A presidio 

 established in 1757 on San Saba r., Texas, 

 for the protection of San Saba mission 

 (q. v.), on the other side of the stream. 

 The ruins of this presidio are still to be seen 

 at Menardville, Menard co. (h. e. b.) 



San Luis Obispo. The fifth Franciscan 

 mi.«sion established in California, on a 

 site, called Tixlini by the natives, now in- 



cluded in the city of the same name. 

 The mission, dedicated to San Luia 

 Obispo de Tolosa, was founded by Fr. 

 Juni'pero SeiTa on Sept. 1, 1772, the 

 place being near the Caiiada de los Osos, 

 where Fages had earlier in the year spent 

 three months hunting bears to supply 

 the northern establishments with food. 

 The natives were well disposed, willing 

 to work, and offered their children for 

 baptism, although the number of neo- 

 phytes increased slowly. There was no 

 rancheria near the mission, and the 

 natives being well supplied with food, 

 such as deer, rabbits, fish, and seeds, 

 were not particularly desirous of settling 

 at the mission. Crops seem to have been 

 fairly successful from the first. In 1776 

 all the buildings except the church and 

 the granary were burned by Indians 

 who were enemies of those attached to 

 the mission, the tule roofs of the build- 

 ings being fired by means of burning 

 arrows. This led to the general adoption 

 of tiles for roofing. In 1794 an unsuccess- 

 ful attempt was made by outside Indians 

 to cause the converts to revolt, but it 

 ended with the imprisonment of five of 

 the leaders. There were 492 neophvtes 

 in 1780, and 605 in 1790, while the high- 

 est number, 946, was reached in 1794. 

 Want of water was reported as the chief 

 drawback of the mission, though the 

 average crop for the decade ending 1800 

 was 3, 200 bushels, and for the next decade 

 4,456 bushels. About 1809 a chapel seems 

 to have been built at San Miguelito. One 

 was also established at Santa Margarita, 

 the ruins of which still remain. Though 

 the population of the mission gradually 

 decreased after 1794, industries seem to 

 have thriven for a time. Both woolen 

 and cotton cloth was woven, and the 

 Indians were reported as always well 

 dressed. After 1820 the decline was 

 more marked, so that by 1830 there were 

 only 283 neophytes remaining, and marks 

 of neglect were everywhere visible (Rob- 

 inson, Life in Cal., 84, 1846). In 1834 

 there were 264 neophytes. The total 

 number of natives baptized to 1834 was 

 2,608, of whom 1,.331 were children. In 

 1840 there were still 170 ex-neophytes at 

 the mission. The decline in wealth ex- 

 ceeded 50 percent. All the horses were 

 stolen in 1840, and thenceforward the 

 decline was rapid, so that in 1844 the 

 mission was reported as having neither 

 land nor cattle, while the neophytes were 

 demoralized and scattered for want of a 

 minister. The mission was sold in 1845 

 by Gov. Pico for $510. The ownership 

 of the buildings was later confirmed of 

 course to the Catholic Church, but both 

 monastery and church have been so much 

 rebuilt that they have little resemblance 

 to the original structures. The Indians 

 in the neighborhood of the mission be- 



