450 



SAN MIGUEL DE LA FKONTERA SAN PASCUAL 



[b. a. e. 



San Miguel de la Frontera (Saint Mi- 

 chael of the Frontier). A Dominican 

 mission established by Fathers Yal- 

 dellon and Lopez, in 1782, about lat. 32° 

 10', Lower California, 30 m. s. e. of San 

 Diego, Cal. The rancherias connected 

 with the mission in 1860 were Otat, 

 Hawai, Ekquall, Hassasei, Inomassi, Neli- 

 mole, and Mattawottis. The inhabitants 

 spoke a Dieguefio dialect. See Taylor in 

 Cal. Farmer, May 18, 1860. 



San Uiguel of the frontiers. — Taylor cited by 

 Browne, Res. Pac. Slope, app., 51. 1869. 



San Miguel de Linares. A Franciscan 

 mission established among the Adai, 

 near Sabine r.. La., in 1716. In 1719 a 

 force of French, with Natchitoch and 

 Caddo allies, took possession of it, and the 

 Indians destroyed the buildings, but the 

 mission was reestablished by the Span- 

 iards with 400 Adai 2 years later. It 

 reported 103 baptisms in 1768, and was 

 abandoned in 1773. 



Adaes.— Garrison, Texas, 75, 1903. Los Adeas. — La 

 Harpe (1719) quoted bv Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 

 1,618,1886. SanMiguel,— Bancroft, ibid., 626. San 

 Miguel de Cuellar.— Ibid., 615, 666. San Miguel de 

 los Adais. — Pelacz, Mem. Guatemala, in, 52, 1852. 

 San Miguel de los Adeas. — Ibid., 618. 



San Miguel de los Noches ( ' Saint Michael 

 of the Noches,' heie referring to a Yokuts 

 tribe sometimes called Noches, who lived 

 in the vicinity). A rancheria situated 

 probably on the site of the present Bakers- 

 field, Kern co., s. Cal., in 1776. 



San Miguel de los Noches por el Santo Principe. — 

 Garces, Diary (1775-76), 299, 1900. 



San Miguel Zuaque. A settlement of 

 theZuaque division of the Cahita, on the 

 s. bank of Rio del Fuerte, 20 m. above 

 its mouth, in n. w. Sinaloa, Mexico. 

 The inhabitants used both the Zuaque 

 and the Vacoregue dialects. 

 San Miguel Zuaque.— Orozco y Berra, Geog., 332, 

 1864. S. Michael.— Kino, map"(1702), in Stocklein, 

 Neue Welt-Bott, 1726. S. Miguel.— Orozco v Berra, 

 Geog., map, 1864. 



Sannak. A fishing settlement of Aleut 

 on Sannak id.,E. Aleutians, Alaska; pop. 

 132 in 1890.— Eleventh Census, Alaska, 

 163, 1893. 



Sannio. A Cayuga village on the e. side 

 and at the foot of Cayuga lake, N. Y., in 

 1750. — De Schweinitz, Life of Zeisberger, 

 57, 1870. 



Sannup. A word said to have been used 

 in Massachusetts as a designation for an 

 Indian married man. It is mentioned 

 first in the Voyages into New England of 

 Levett (1628), w-hose travels did not ex- 

 tend southward beyond the boundaries 

 of Maine, and who remarks, "The saga- 

 mores will scarce speak to an ordinary 

 man, but will point to their men and say 

 ' ' sanops must speak to sanops and saga- 

 mores to sagamores." Cotton Mather, in 

 hisMagnalia(ca.l688),usesthewordinhis 

 classification of Indian society, in which 

 he states that the highest class consisted 

 of the "nobles," comprising all those who 



were descended from blood royal, those 

 who were invested with authority by the 

 sachem and who had always been consid- 

 ered as noble; and, second, the "yeo- 

 men" or "sannups," w'ho formed the 

 mass of the community, and possessed a 

 right in the lands of the tribe, etc.; and, 

 third, the "villains" or "serfs," w-ho had 

 no property in the land, and were in some 

 degree subject to the sannups or ordinary 

 citizens. The word was not known to the 

 Massachuset Indians, but by the whites 

 who used it, like the words skunk, wig- 

 wam, musquash, and sagamore, was bor- 

 rowed from the dialects of the Abnaki, in 

 which it occurs in the following forms: 

 Norridgewock seena'ibe, Passamaquoddy 

 sena>'be, Penobscot sana>'ba, 'man,' ('*> 

 (in contradistinction to cirnmnbe, alena»be, 

 ' true man,' homo). The suffix -a>'be means 

 'man,' but the meaning of the prefix seen-, 

 sen-, is not known. (w. r. g. ) 



San Pablo (Saint Paul ) . A former Yuma 

 rancheria on the Rio Colorado, 8 or 10 m. 

 below the present Yuma and about a 

 league s. of Pilot Knob, in California. It 

 was visited by Garces, Anza, and Font in 

 1775, and was on or near the site of the 

 later mission of San Pedro y San Pablo 

 (q. v.). See Coues, Garces Diary (1775- 

 76), 19, 163, 1900. 



Laguna del Capitan Pablo. — Coues, op. cit., 163. 

 Laguna de San Pablo. — Ibid. 



San Pablo. A former Yuma rancheria 

 on the s. bank of the Rio Gila, Ariz., 3 

 leagues above its mouth. It was visited 

 by Father Kino in 1699. 

 S. Pablo. — Kino, map (1701 ), in Bancroft, Ariz, and 

 N. Mex., 360, 1889. S. Paulus.— Kino, map (1702), 

 in Stocklein, Neue Welt-Bott, 74, 1726. S! Pablo.— 

 Venegas, Hist. Cal., i, map, 1759 (located where 

 San Pedro should be) . 



San Pascual (Holy Easter). A small 

 band of Diegueno Indians in San Diego 

 CO., S. Cal. "The maps show an Indian 

 reservation named San Pascual, but actu- 

 ally there is no such reservation. A 

 reservation was selected for these Indians 

 comprising certain desciiptions of land in 

 township 12 s., range 1 w., in San Diego 

 CO. By some inexcusable error, the land 

 .was actually reserved in township 11 s., 

 range 1 w. None of the San Pascual 

 Indians ever lived on the land actually 

 reserved, as that was considered to be 

 Shoshonean territory, and the San Pas- 

 cual are Yuman. Both pieces of land are 

 barren and of little value. The Indians 

 actually occupied the land in township 

 12. In the years that have passed, all 

 the land in the intended reservation worth 

 filing on has been taken up by the whites 

 in the usual manner" (Kelsey, Rep. Cal. 

 Inds., .30, 1906). In 1909 the San Pas- 

 cual Indians numbered 71, under the 

 Mesa Grande school superintendent. 



San Pascual.— Burton (1856) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 

 34th Cong., 3d sess., 114, 1867. San Pasqual.— Sleigh 

 in Ind. Aff. Rep, 1873, 32, 1874. 



