BULL. 30] 



SILVER SIMAOMO 



573 



. Silver. At the time of the discovery 

 silver had not come into general use 

 among the aborigine? x. of Mexico. The 

 native metal is found sparingly in many 

 localities, notably in small bits in direct 

 association with native copper in the L. 

 Superior region, from which source a 

 limited supply probably was obtained. 

 Finds of objects of silver in the older 

 mounds are rare. An interesting occur- 

 rence of silver in a mound in Pickaway 

 CO., Ohio, is mentioned by Fowke. In a 

 stone box, 83 in. long and 3 in. deep, 

 made of the halves of two concretions 

 fitted together, were five nuggets of silver 

 about the size of small walnuts. Three 

 were coated with 

 black paint and 2 

 with reddish ocher. 

 Prof. Putnam de- 

 scribes a number 

 of objects of copper 

 from the Turner 

 mound, in Hamil- 

 ton CO. , Ohio, plated 

 with thin sheets 

 of silver; and Dr 

 Thomas illustrates 

 CHEYENNE 2 Small, neatly cut 



objects of sheet sil- 

 ver which were found wrapped about a 

 bit of cane along with a burial in a mound 

 in Warren co.. Pa. An interesting find of 

 silver-plated objects in connection with 

 a burial is described by Dr S. P. Hildreth 

 and quoted by Squier. These consisted 

 of large circular bosses com- 

 posed of copper overlaid 

 with a thick plating of silver 

 on a ribbed plate of silver 

 2 in. in breadth and 6 in 

 length. Hildreth regarded 

 these as probably part of a 

 sword scabbard, but it is 

 more likely that they are 

 aboriginal ornaments. A number of disks 

 and tablets of thin sheet silver and some 

 other objects have bei n found in Florida, 

 but it is believed that in the main they 

 are recent, the metal having been derived 

 from foreign sources — either 

 from Europe direct or from 

 vessels wrecked on the coast 

 of Florida on the homeward 

 voyage from ^Mexico. It is 

 observed that some of these 

 objects are alloyed with cop- 

 per and gold in different pro- 

 and this is confirmative of 

 western origin, alloys of gold, silver, and 

 copper being common in middle America. 

 Some of the native tribes, under the in- 

 fluence of the whites, have turned their 

 attention to silver working, and the Na- 

 vaho and some of the Pueblos in Arizona 

 and New Mexico, employing methods 



FROM ARKANSAS 

 MOUND 



portions. 



learned from the Mexicans, make many 

 objects of use and ornament. The Iro- 

 quois, and the Haida and other N. W. 

 coast tribes are also skilful metal workers, 

 producing many tasteful ornaments, such 

 as bracelets and pendants ornamented 

 with engravings of mythical subjects. 

 Silver was early introduced by colonial 

 traders, and objects of this metal of 

 European make are frequently found in 

 the mounds, as well as on village sites 

 in many sections of the country. These 

 include necklaces, bracelets, brooches, 

 lockets, rings, and especially crosses. 

 See Metal-work, Ornament. 



Consult Beauchamp in Bull. 73, N. Y. 

 State Mus., 1903; Culin in Museum Notes, 

 Brooklyn Inst., iii, no. 7, 1908; Douglas 

 in Am. Antiq., vii, no. 3, 1885; Fowkej 

 Archicol. Hist. Ohio, 1902; Harrington, 

 Iroquois Silverwork, Anthr. Pap. Am. 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., i, pt. vi, 1908; Jones, 

 Antiquities of Southern Indians, 1873; 

 Kunz in Am. Antiq., ix, no. 4, 1887; 

 Matthews in 2d Rep. B. A. E., 1883; 

 Niblack in Nat. Mus. Rep. 1888, 1890; 

 Putnam in 16th Rep. Peabodv Mus., 1884; 

 Ran, Archffiol. Coll. Nat. "Mus., 1876; 

 Squier, Antiquities of N. Y. and the 

 West, 1851; Thomas in 12th Rep. B. A. 

 E., 1894. (w. H. H.) 



Silver Bay. A summer camp of the Sitka, 

 onBaranof id., Alaska; pop. 39 in 1880. — 

 Petroff in Tenth Census, Alaska, 32, 1884. 



Silver Bluff. A former Yuchi village 

 on Savannah r. in Barnwell co., S. C, 

 probably identical with Cofitaehiqui of 

 the De Soto narratives. — Georgia tract 

 (1740) in Force, Tracts, i, 6, 1836. 



Simaomo. A central Texas tribe or 

 group, apparently Tonkawan, frequently 

 mentioned by the Spaniards under the 

 name of Cantona, or some variation of 

 this name, in the later 17th and early 

 18th century records, but suddenly dis- 

 appearing thereafter. It is quite probably 

 a tribe known in later times by some 

 other name, and one document seems to 

 connect it with the Yojuane (q. v.). 

 They are apparently distinct from the 

 Indians referred to by the French writers 

 as Canohatinno (see Kanohatitio), for the 

 latter were hostile to the Hasinai 

 (Caddo), which evidently was not the 

 case with the Simaomo. 



The Cantona were definitely mentioned 

 by Massanet in 1691 as one of the tribes 

 living E. of Arroyo del Cibolo and speak- 

 ing a language different from that of the 

 Coahuiltecan tribes to the w. of that 

 stream (Diario, MS. in Mem. de Nueva 

 Espafia, xxvii, 98). Tribes mentioned 

 in the same connection were the Sanas, 

 Emet, and Cavas. In the same year Jesus 

 Maria, missionary among the Nabedache 

 (q. V. ), included the tribe, which he called 



