BULL. oO] 



SKIDIKAHRU SKIN AND SKIN DRESSING 



591 



1814. Pawnemahas.— Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., i, 

 159, 1S23. Payin-manha""'. — Dorsey, Osage MS. 

 vocab., B. A. E., 1883 ('Upstream Pawnees': 

 Osage name). Sa-tjer-o-pan-ga.— Long, Exped. 

 Rocky Mts., ii, Ixxxiv, 1823 (Hidatsa name). 

 Scidi,— lapi Oayc, ,xiii, no. 2, 0, Feb. ISSi 

 (Dakota name). Sci'li. — Riggs in Cont. N. A. 

 EthnoL, VII, Ul, 1892 (Teton name). Skec'-e- 

 ree.— Lewis and Clark Discov., 19, 1X06. Skee'- 

 de.— Morgan in Smithson. Cont., xvii, 196, 1871. 

 Skeedee.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 213, 1801. Skee-e-ree.— 

 Am. State Papers, Ind. Aff., 1,709,1832. Skeeree.— 

 Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., i, 478, 1823. Skere.— 

 Ibid., II, 365. Skerreh.— Ratinesque, Amer. Na- 

 tions, I, 24, 1836. Ski'-di,— Dunbar in Mag. Am. 

 Hist.. IV, 244, 1880 {T)<ki'-ri = -woU'). Steelar.— 

 Corliss, Lacotah MS. vocab., B. A. E., 106, 1874 

 (Teton name). Stili.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 179, 1875 

 (Teton name). Wolf Indians.— Gass, Jour., 23, 

 1807. Wolf Pawnees.— Lewis and Clark Exped., I, 

 33, 1814. Wolves.— Lewis and Clark Discov., 19, 

 1806. 



Skidirahru (Tsliri rah'ru, 'the wolve8 

 standing in the pools'). A band of the 

 Skidi Pawnee, so named by other Skidi 

 because longagOjWhilecamped on Loup r., 

 Nebr., they obtained so much meat while 

 an immense buffalo herd was crossing 

 that they began to take only the hides, 

 leaving the carcasses on the river ice, 

 which, melting, formed small pools, 

 around which many wolves gathered. — 

 Grinnell, Pawnee Hero Stories, 238, 1889. 

 Skidi rah'ru.— Grinnell, Pawnee Hero Stories, 238, 

 1889. Tskiri rah'ru.— F. Boas, inf n, 1907. 



Skihwamish {skaikJi 'inland', -mish 

 'people': 'people living inland'). A 

 Salish division on a river of same name 

 and on the upper branches of the Snoho- 

 mish, in Washington. 



Skai-na-mish.— Ross in Ind. Aff. Rep. 17, 1870. 

 Skai-wha-mish.— Pt. Elliott treaty (1855) in U. S. 

 Ind. Treaties, 378 1873. Skawhahmish. — Maynard 

 in H. R. Ex. Doc. 37, 34tli Cong., 3d sess., 86, 1857. 

 Ska-whamish. — Ibid. Skea-wa-mish. — Starling in 

 Ind. Aff. Rep. , 170, 1852. Skeysehamish.— De Harley 

 in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 701, 1855. Skey- 

 wah-mish.— Jones (1853) in H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 31th 

 Cong., 3d sess., 5, is,57. Skeywhamish.— Lane in 

 Sen. Ex. Doc. 52, 31st Ci>ng., l.'.t sess., 173, 1850. 

 Skihwamish.— Gibbs quoted bv Dall in Cont. N. A. 

 EthnoL, I, 241. 1877. Skiwhamish.— Gibbs, ibid., 

 179. Sky-wa-mish. — Gibbs in Pac. R. R. Rep., I, 

 436, 1855. 



Skil. A local name of the black candle- 

 fish {Anoplopomn fimbria), an excellent 

 food fish of the waters of the n. Pacific 

 coast, particularly about Queen Charlotte 

 ids., Brit. Col. The word is derived from 

 sqil, the name of this fisli in the Haida 

 language. (a. p. c. ) 



Skilak. A Knaiakhotana village, of 44 

 inhabitants in 1880, on the s. side of Skilak 

 lake, Kenai penin., Alaska. 

 Skilakh.— Petroff in 10th Cen.sus, Alaska, 29, 1884. 



Skilloot, A Chinookan tribe found by 

 Lewis and Clark in 1806 residing on both 

 sides of Columbia r. in Washington and 

 Oregon, above and below the entrance of 

 Cowlitz r., and numbering in all 2,500 

 souls. The HuUooetell may have been a 

 band of them (Grig. Jour. Lewis and 

 Clark, III, 196; vi, 68, 117, 1905). They 

 were among the tribes almost extermi- 

 nated by the fever epidemic of 1823. 

 Later their principal village was Cooniac, 



at Oak Point, Wash. In 1850 Lane placed 

 their number at 200, but as a tribe they 

 disappeared from view a few years later. 

 The Seam3'8ty appear to have been a 

 division. (l. f. ) 



Caloait.— Lane in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, i, 521, 

 1S53. Calooit.— Lane in Ind. Aff. Rep., 161, 1850. 

 Caloort. — Lane in Sen. Ex. Doc. 52, 31st Cong., 1st 

 sess., 172, 1850. Chilook.— Gass, Jour., 191, 1807. 

 Kolnit.— Gairdner in Jour. Geog. Soc. Lond., xi, 

 255, 1841. Kreluits.— Franchere, Vov., 105, 1854. 

 Skillools.— Boudinot, Star in the We"st, 128, 1816. 

 Skilloot.— Lewis and Clark Exped., ii, 63, 1814. 

 Skillute.— Ibid., i, map, 1814. Skillutes.— Wilkes, 

 Hist. Oregon, 44, 1845. Skillutts.— Robertson, 

 Oregon, 129, 1846. 



Skin. See-Aiiniomy. 



Skin and Skin dressing. In the domes- 

 tic economy of the Indians skins were 

 his most valued and useful property, as 

 they became later his principal trading 

 asset, and a mere list of the articles made 

 of this material would embrace nearly 

 half his earthly possessions. Every kind 

 of skin large enough to be stripped from 

 the carcass of beast, bird, or fish was used 

 in some tribe or another, but those in 

 most general use were those of the buffalo, 

 elk, deer, antelope, beaver, ermine, cer- 

 tain large birds in 

 ceremonial costumes, 

 the jack rabbit in the 

 Paiute country, the 

 seal and walrus, with 

 the salmon and wolf- 

 fish, among the Es- 

 kimo. 



Among the princi- 

 pal belongings made 

 in whole or in part 

 from skins may be 

 named tipis, par- 

 fleche boxes, feather 

 boxes, bed covers, 

 pillows, tobacco pouches, medicine bags, 

 pounding hides (upon which to mash 

 and spread out berries, pemmican, etc.), 

 saddle blankets, horse and dog harness, 

 the bullboat of the upper Missouri 

 tribes, the kaiak of the Eskimo; fishing 

 lines, nets, etc. ; clothing in all its parts, 

 from robes and shirts to leggings and 

 moccasins; shields, body armor, picto- 

 graph records, ceremonial masks, and 

 cradles. 



The methods employed for dressing 

 skins were very much the same every- 

 where N. of Mexico, the difference being 

 chiefly in the chemicals used and in 

 the amount of labor given to the task. 

 Among the Plains tribes, Avith which the 

 art is still in constant practice nearly 

 according to the ancient method, the 

 process consists of 6 principal stages, viz, 

 fleshing, scraping, braining, stripping, 

 graining, and working, for each of which 

 a different tool is required. When skins 

 are dressed for robes the hair is not re- 

 moved. A number of hides are usually 

 dressed at the same time, the women 



Eskimo Method of Moun 

 Seal-skin (nelson) 



