644 



STOTOIl STRUCK-BY-THE-EEE 



[b. a. e. 



Formerly in Oregon, Washington, and 

 British Columbia dried fish were stored 

 by the Indians of Columbia and Fraser 

 rs. in caches built of split cedar planks 

 supported on the branches of trees far 

 above the ground. The Kalispel cached 

 their stores of dried berries on little 

 islands in Pend d' Oreille lake. The ber- 

 ries were placed in reed bags and were 

 protected from the weather by small 

 log houses built over them (Grinnell). 

 On the N. W. coast, according to Boas, 

 clams taken from strings of cedar bark, 

 on which they had been dried, were 

 stored for future use. Lewis and Clark, 

 in 1804, found at the falls of Columbia r. 

 that dried fish were pounded between two 

 stones and then placed in baskets made 

 of grass and rushes and lined with salmon 

 skin; the fish was then pressed down 

 and covered with fishskins, each basket 

 weighing from 90 to 100 pounds. They 

 describe a cache on Missouri r. made by 

 first removing the soil from a circle 20 in. 

 across and then excavating a pit which 

 was gradually enlarged to a diameter of 

 6 or 7 ft, having the form of a kettle; 

 this hole M'as lined on the bottom and 

 sides with sticks, and then filled with 

 skins which it was desired to preserve, 

 after which the sod was replaced and the 

 surface made to appear as natural as pos- 

 sible. This is a typical method among 

 the Plains Indians and Southwestern 

 tribes. These explorers refer also to 

 buying corn in ears from the Mandan, 

 who dug it up in front of their lodges, 

 where it had been buried the winter 

 before. 



The ancient Zufii are said by Mindeleff 

 to have rolled up huge snowballs, which 

 they melted in reservoirs to obtain water, 

 their arid environment having taught 

 them to use such an expedient to increase 

 the supply. Chroniclers of the Coronado 

 expedition refer to a habit of the Hopi of 

 taking along with them, when crossing 

 the desert, a number of women laden 

 with water in gourds, which they buried 

 along the way for use on the return 

 journey. 



The natives of the Pacific coast keep 

 acorns in brush storehouses and store 

 pine seeds in granaries on top of their 

 houses. The Indians of this region make 

 vessels of rushes, plastered inside and 

 outside with piiion gum and pitch, for 

 holding liquids and seeds. Thomas 

 Harlot, in 1585, refers to the natives of 

 Florida hardening their meat in smoke 

 in order to "preserve the same for winter 

 use." John Smith (1608) speaks of the 

 Virginia Indians as drying their fish in 

 the Spanish fashion, as was done in the 

 West Indies. Smith refers also to dried 

 walnuts, chestnuts, acorns, and chinqua- 

 pins which the natives gathered in the 



winter and kept in great baskets. John 

 Lawson (1714) speaks of "other sorts of 

 cabins," which were without windows, 

 that were used for granaries and for 

 storing skins and other merchandise. 

 The Southern Indians, according to the 

 same authority, made cribs wherein they 

 preserved their corn from injury; these 

 were erected on posts and were daubed 

 inside and outside with loam or clay, 

 being tight enough to keep out the small- 

 est vermin. Oysters and clama were 

 dried on strings and stored for future 

 use. Mesquite beans, pifion nuts, acorns, 

 filberts, and hickory nuts in their re- 

 spective habitats were stored in brush 

 inclosures, which were presumably the 

 originals of the slatted corncribs of the 

 present day. The Gulf tribes built houses 

 raised upon poles for the purpose of stor- 

 ing grain. AH Plains Indians dry and 

 store fruits and nuts of various sorts. 

 The Pima bury watermelons in sand and 

 make immense basketry cribs for storing 

 grain, as do also the Apache, the Tara- 

 humare, and other tribes of the S. W. 



Consult Brown (1) in Records of the 

 Past, IV, pt. 3, Mar. 1905; (2) in Wis. 

 Archeol., vi, no. 2, 1907; Champlain, 

 (Euvres, 1870; Hakluyt, Voy., in, 1810; 

 Jesuit Relations, ed. 1858; Joutel, Jour., 

 1713; Lawson, Hist. Carohna, ed. 1860; 

 Orig. Jour. Lewis and Clark, 1904-05; 

 Lumholtz, Unknown Mexico, 1902; Mass. 

 Hist. Soc.Coll., 2ds., ix,1822; Mindeleff, 

 Study of Pueblo Architecture, 8th Rep. 

 B. A. E., 1891; Rau, North American 

 Stone Implements, Smithson. Rep., 1872; 

 Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 1890; Russell in 26th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 1908; Sagard, Grand Voyage 

 du pays des Hurons, 1865; Smith, History 

 of Virginia, 1819; Stites, Economics of 

 the Iroquois, 1905; Wheeler, Rep. U. S. 

 G. and G. Surv. W. 100th Mer., vii, 1879; 

 Winship, Coronado Exped., 14th Rep. 

 B. A. E., pt. 1, 1896. _ (j. D. M.) 



Stotoii (Std'toii, ' leaning over [a cliff]' ). 

 A Squawmish village community on the 

 right bank of Squawmisht r., Brit. Col. — 

 Hill-Tout in Rep. Brit. A. A. S., 474, 1900. 



Stott Ranch ruin. A prehistoric ruined 

 pueblo on Stott ranch, a few m. w. of 

 Pinedale, Navajo co., Ariz. — Fewkes in 

 22d Rep. B. A. E., 167, 1904. 



Stratten. The local name for a band 

 of Salish of Fraser superintendencv, Brit. 

 Col.— Can. Ind. Aff. Rep., 79, 1878. 



Straw Town. See Onondakai. 



Struck-by-the-Ree { Palaneapape) . The 

 head-chief of the Yankton Sioux at the 

 period of the relinquishment of their 

 lands in 1859 and until his death; born 

 at Yankton, S. Dak., Aug. 30, 1804, while 

 Lewis and Clark were encamped there. 

 Capt. Lewis, on learning that a male 

 child had been born in the camp, S(^nt 

 for it, and, wrapping it in the Stars and 



