686 



TANQYAKA— TANO 



[B. A. E. 



the Iroquois in 1646, perhaps near Geor- 

 gian bay, Ont— Jes. Rel. 1646, 76, 1858. 



Tangyaka. The Rainbow clan of the 

 Patki (Cloud, or Water-house) phratryof 

 the Hopi. 



Tanaka winwu. — Fewkes in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 

 583, 1901 (winwu = 'clan'). Ta-na-ka wiifi-wu. — 

 Fewkes in Am. Anthr., vii, 402, 1894. 



Tanico. A tribe, or "province," first 

 encountered by the De Soto expedition 

 in 1542, apparently in n. w. Arkansas. 

 They were met also in the same general 

 region by Joutel in 1687. Perhaps iden- 

 tical with the Tunica (q. v.). 

 Canicons.— La Harpe (1719) in French, Hist. Coll. 

 La., in, 72, 75, 1851. Tanico.— Joutel (1687) in 

 Margry, Dec, iii, 409, 1878. Taniquo.— Joutel, op. 

 Cit., 410. Tanquinno. — Ibid., 409. Toniquas. — 

 Mappa Ind. Occidentalis, Niimberg, ca. 1740. 



Tanima ( TdnVma, ' liver-eaters' ). A re- 

 cently extinct division of the Comanche. 

 Da-nem-me. — Butcher and Leyendecher, Coman- 

 che MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1867 (Comanche 

 name). De-na-vi. — Comancheand Kiowa treaty. 

 Sen. Ex. Doc, O, 39th Cong., 1st sess., 4, 1866. 

 De-na-ways.— Leavenworth (1868) in H. R. Misc. 

 Doc. 139, 41st Cong., 2d ses.s., 6, 1870 (or Lion 

 [sic] Eaters). Hai-ne-na-une. — Schoolcraft, Ind. 

 Tribes, ii, 128, lSb2 (probably identical; said to 

 mean 'corn eaters'). Lion Eaters. — Leaven- 

 worth, op. cit. (misprint). Liver Eater band. — 

 Comanche and Kiowa treaty, op. cit. Liver- 

 eaters. — Neighbors in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 

 II, 127, 1852. Tani'ma.— Mooney in 14th Rep. B. 

 A. E., 1045, 1896 (correct form). Tini'ema.— Hoff- 

 man in Proc Am. Philos. Soc, XXlll, 300, 1886. 



Tanintauei. An Assiniboin band. 

 Gens des Osayes,— Maximilian, Trav., 194, 1843 

 ('bone people'). Tanintauei. — Ibid. 



Tankiteke. A tribe of the Wappinger 

 confederacy formerly living in West- 

 chester CO., N. Y., and Fairfield co., 

 Conn., back of the coast. They were 

 sometimes called Pachamis, Pachany, 

 etc., from their chief. 



Bachom's country.— Doc of 1659 in N. Y. Doc. Col. 

 Hist., II, 63, 1858. Pachany.— Wassenaar (1632) 

 quoted byRuttenber, Tribes Hud.son R., 80, 1872. 

 Pachimis. — Brodhead quoted by Ruttenber, ibid. 

 Packamins.— De Laet (1633) in Jones, Ind. Bui., 

 6, 1867. Tankitekes,— Ruttenber, op. cit. 



Tanmangile {Ta'>^m(i"-gile). A Kansa 

 village on Blue r., Kans., and the band 

 that formerly lived there. — J. O. Dorsey, 

 Kansas MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1882. 



Tannaoute. An Iroquois village for- 

 merly on the N. shore of L. Ontario, On- 

 tario, Canada. 



Tannaoute.— Bellin, map, 1755. Tonnaoute, — Es- 

 nauts and Rapilly map, 1777. 



Tannghrishon. See Half King. 



Tanning. See Skin and Skin dressing. 



Tano ( from Tahdno, the Tigua form of 

 T'han-u-ge, the Tano name for them- 

 selves ) . A former group of Pueblo tribes 

 of New Mexico, whose name has been 

 adopted for the family designation (see 

 Tanoan Famili/ ). In prehistoric times, ac- 

 cording to Bandelier, the Tano formed the 

 southern group of the Tewa, the separa- 

 tion of the two occurring at the ancient 

 village of Tejeuingge Ouiping. In the 

 early historical period the Tano habitat 

 was southward from Santa Fe to the 

 Galisteo basin, a distance of about 20 m. 



Coronado passed through the southern 

 part of their territory in 1541, Castaiieda 

 describing it as lying between the Quirix 

 (Queres) province and Cicuye (Pecos), 

 and as being almost depopulated on ac- 

 count of depredations by the Teya, a war- 

 like tribe of the plains, 16 years previous- 

 ly. Only 3 pueblos are mentioned by 

 Castaneda as along their route — Ximena 

 (Galisteo), a small, strong village; the 

 Pueblo de los Silos, large, but almost de- 

 serted; and another farther eastward, 

 abandoned and in ruins. The last men- 

 tioned was probably the one called Coquite 

 by Mota Padilla. In addition to these, 

 however, there were 7 other Tano pueblos 

 in the "snowy mts.," toward Santa Fe. 



The Tano were next visited by Espejo, 

 who went eastwardly from the country 

 of the Tigua, in the vicinity of the pres- 

 ent Bernalillo, to the province of the Ma- 

 guas or Magrias (probably a misprint of 

 Tagnos, a form of the Tigua name), in a 

 pine country without running streams, 

 on the borders of the buffalo plains, where 

 he heard news of the death there of Fray 

 Juan de Santa Maria two years before. 

 As the seat of this friar's missionary la- 

 bors was Pecos, that pueblo was evident- 

 ly included by Espejo in his Maguas prov- 

 ince, to which he attributed the grossly 

 exaggerated population of 40,000, in 11 

 pueblos. The accounts of Espejo's jour- 

 ney are unsatisfactory as to directions and 

 distances traveled, and some of the re- 

 puted narratives of his expedition are 

 unauthentic. Bandelier regards as the 

 Tano country Espejo's province of Hu- 

 bates, with 5 pueblos, which he visited, 

 after returning from a western tour, by 

 traveling 12 leagues eastward from the 

 Queres on the Rio Grande. Thence in a 

 day's journey Espejo found the "Tamos " 

 in three large villages, one of which was 

 Pecos. This variance in names is doubt- 

 less due to guides speaking different lan- 

 guages. If the number of (Tano) villages 

 given by Castaneda in 1540 is correctly 

 given as 10, and if the number of pueblos 

 mentioned by Espejo in 1583 as contained 

 in his provinces of Hubates and Tamos 

 (7, excluding Pecos) is also correct, then 

 it would seem that the hostility of the 

 Teyas spoken of by Castaneda in 1540 had 

 continued in the interim, and that the 

 Tano had been compelled to abandon 

 three of their settlements. This, how- 

 ever, could not have been the case if the 

 10 villages (excluding Pecos) in Espejo's 

 province of Maguas is rightly given, as 

 the number agrees with that of Castaneda 

 40 years before. 



In 1630 Benavides estimated the popu- 

 lation of the then existing 5 Tano towns 

 at 4,000, all of whom had been baptized. 

 The tribe was almost entirelv broken up 

 by the Pueblo revolts of 1680-96, the 



