688 



TANWAKANWAKAGHE TAOS 



[b. a. e. 



ver, Nelson id., Alaska. Pop. 8 in 1880, 

 48 in 1890. 



Dununuk.— 11th Census, Alaska, 110, 1893. Tanu- 

 nak. — Petrott", Rep. on Alaska, 64, 1880.— Tunu- 

 nuk.— Nelson in 18th Rep. B. A.E., map, 1899. 



Tanwakanwakaghe. An ancient Osage 

 village at the junction of Grand and Osage 

 rs.. Mo. 



Xan wa-k'a" wa-3ia-xe, — Dorsey, Osage MS. vocab., 

 B. A. £., 1883. 



Tanwanshinka ( ' small village ' ) . An an- 

 cient Osage village situated on Neosho r., 

 Okla. In the year 1850, when De Smet 

 visited the Osage, the village contained 

 300 persons. 



Cawva-Shinka.—De Smet, W. Miss., 305, 1856 ('little 

 town'). little Town, — Ibid. Tanwa" ain^a. — 

 Dorsey, Osage MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1S83. 



Tanxnitania ( from Powhatan tanx, 

 ' little ' ) • A tribe of the Manahoac con- 

 federacy, living in 1608 in Fauquier co., 

 Va. , on the n. side of upper Rappahan- 

 nock r. 



Tanxsnitania.— Smith (1629), Va., I, map, 1819. 

 Tanxsnitanians. — Straehey {ca. 1612), Va., 104, 

 1849. Tauxanias.— Smith, op. cit., 134. Tauxil- 

 nanians. — Bdudinot, Star in the West, 129, 1816. 

 Tauxitanians. — Jefferson, Notes, 179, 1801. Taux- 

 sintania.— Simons in Smith (1629), Va., 1, 186, 1819. 

 Tauxuntania. — Ibid . 



Tanyi. The Calabash clans of the Ke- 

 resan pueblos of Acoma, Sia, Sau Felipe, 

 and Cochiti, N. Mex. That of Acoma 

 forms a phratry with the Showwiti (Par- 

 rot) and Hapanyi (Oak) clans. The 

 dialectal variations in pronunciation of 

 the name are: Acoma, Tanyi-hdnoq*; Sia 

 and San Felipe, Tanyi-huno; Cochiti, 

 Tanyi-hanuch (Hodge in Am. Anthr., 

 IX, 349, 1896). According to Bandelier 

 (Arch. Inst. Papers, in, 301, 1890) the 

 Calabash clan, since the beginning of the 

 19th century, seems to represent what 

 might be called the progressive element. 

 Cf. Shwdmi. 



Tane.— Steven.son in 11th Rep. B. A. E., 19, 1894 

 (Sia form). Tanyi hanutsh. — Bandelier, Delight 

 Makers, 28, 1890. 



Tao. The Beaver gens of the Caddo. — 

 Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 1093, 1896. 



Taoapa. A band of Mdewakanton Sioux 

 formerly living on Minnesota r. in the 

 present Scott co., Minn., and hunting be- 

 tween it and the Mississippi. Their vil- 

 lage, generally known as Shakopee's Vil- 

 lage, or Little Six's Village, from the 

 chief of the Imnd, was on the left bank of 

 the river and the cemetery on the oj^po- 

 eite side in 1835. See Sliakopee. 



Little Six. — Ind. Aff. Rep., 282, 1854. Sha-ka- 

 pee's band.— Blaekmore in Jour. Ethnol. Soc. 

 Lond., I, 318, 1869. Shakopee.— Minn. Hist. Soc. 

 Coll., HI, pt. 1, 132, 1870. Shakpa. -Long, Exped. St 

 Peter'sR., 1, 385,1824 ('.Six': chief'sname). Shak- 

 pay. — Featherstonhangh, Canoe Voy., 1,286, 1847. 

 Shokpay.— Neill, Hist. Minn., xliv, 1858. Shok- 

 paydan.— Ibid., 590 (name of the chief). Shok- 

 pedan. — Warren in Minn. Hist. Coll., v, 156, note, 

 1885. Six.— Featherstonluiugh, Canoe Vov., i, 286, 

 1847. Taoapa.— Long, Exped. St. Peter's R., I, 385, 

 1824. The Six.— Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., iii, 154, 

 1874. Villageof Sixes.— Featherstonhangh, Canoe 

 Vov., II, 4, 1847. Xa-kpe-dan.— Neill, Hist. Minn., 

 144', note, 1858. 



Taol-naas'-hadai {Taol na^as xd'da-i, 

 ' Rainbow-house people ' ) . A subd ivision 



of the Ao-keawai, a Haida family belong- 

 ing to the Raven clan; named from a 

 house. They belonged to the Alaskan 

 group, or Kaigani. — Swanton, Cont. 

 Haida, 272, 1905. 



Taos (Span. pi. adaptation of Towih, 

 its Tewa name). A Tigua pueblo con- 

 sisting of two house groups, known as 

 North town (Hlauuma) and South town 

 (Hlaukwima), on both sides of Taos r., 

 an E. tributary of the Rio Grande, in 

 Taos CO., N. Mex., 52 m. n. e. of Santa 

 Fe. The native name of the pueblo is 

 Tuatu; of the people, Taiinamu. The 

 puebloisalso called Yahlaliaimuhahutulba, 

 'Red-willow place.' It was first visited 

 in 1540 by Hernando de Alvarado, and in 

 1541 by Francisco de Barrionuevo, both 

 of Coronado's army, who called it Bra- 

 ba (seemingly a miscopying of Tuata), 

 Yuraba, and Uraba (perhaps intended 

 for the Pecos form Yulata), as well as 

 Valladolid, the last, no doubt, on account 

 of some fancied resemblance to the Span- 

 ish city of that name. Taos did not then 

 stand in the spot it occupies to-day, but a 

 few hundred yards to the n. e., and on 

 both sides of the stream as now. One of 

 the narratives of Coronado's expedition 

 (Rel. del Suceso, 14th Rep. B. A. E., 575, 

 1896) described the town, under the name 

 Yuraba, as having 18 divisions, each with 

 "a situation as if for two ground plots; 

 the houses are very close together, and 

 have five or six stories, three of them with 

 mud walls and two or three with thin 

 wooden walls, which become smaller as 

 they go up, and each one has its little 

 balcony outside of the mud walls, one 

 above the other, all around, of wood. In 

 this village, as it is in the mountains, they 

 do not raise cotton nor breed fowls [tur- 

 keys] ; they wear the skins of deer and 

 covvs [buffalo] entirely. It is the most 

 populous village of all that country; we 

 estimated there were 15,000 persons in 

 it." This estimate is certainly greatly 

 exaggerated. 



Taos was visited also in 1598 by 

 Oiiate, who applied to it its first saint 

 name — San Miguel. It became the seat 

 of the Spanish mission of San Geronimo 

 early in the 17th centur}', and in the 

 middle of the century some families 

 moved to the Jicarillas, at a place called 

 El Quartelejo, in the present Scott co., 

 Kans., but were subsequently brought 

 back by Juan de Archuleta. In the 

 Pueblo revolt of 1680-92 Taos took a con- 

 spicuous part. It was the central point 

 from which Pop6 (q. v.) disseminated 

 his doctrine of independence from Spanish 

 authority, and was one of the first ad- 

 herents to this cause. On Aug. 10, 1680, 

 the day the outbreak began, the Taos 

 warriors joined those of Picuris and the 

 Tewa in the murder of their priests, as 

 well as of all the colonists on which they 



