BULL. 30] 



TONKA WAN FAMILY TONTOS 



783 



$an'-ka-wa.— Dorsey Kwapa MS. vocab.. B. A. E., 

 l89l (Quapawname). Tankaway.— Pi'nicaut(1719) 

 in French, Hist Coll. La., n. s., VI, 155, m\9. 

 Tanko.— Frot'bt'l, Seven Yrs. Trav. 45S, 1859. 

 Tanks.— Sibley, Hist. Sketches, 74, 1806. Tan- 

 quaay. — Francisco de Jesus Maria, Kel., 1091, MS. 

 Taukaways.— Drake, Bk. Inds.. xi, 1818. Tchan- 

 kaya.— Gatschet, Tonkawo MS., B. A. E., 69 

 (Karankawa name). Tenkahuas. — Neighbors in 

 H. R. Doc. 100, 29th ConET., 2d sess., 3, 1817. Ten- 

 kanas.— Sen. Misc. Doc 5o, 45th Cong., 3d sess., 80, 

 1879. Thancahues. — Menchana to Oconor, Mar. 9, 

 1774. MS. in ArchivoGen. Tineyizhane.— Gatschet, 

 Naisha Apache vocab., B. A. E.,09( Kiowa Apache 

 name). Titskan watitch.— Gatschet, Tonkavve 

 MS.. B. A. E., 1SS4 (own name: sig. 'indigenons 

 people'). Toncahiras.— Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 

 VI, 689, 1857. Toncahuas.— Bollaert in Jour. Eth- 

 nol. Soc. Lond., li, 275, 1S.50. Toncawes.— H. R. 

 Rep. 299, 44th Cong., 1st sess., 1, lS7ti. Tongues.— 

 Michler, Recou., 64, 1850. Tonkahans.— Drake, 

 Bk. Inds., xi, 1848. Tonkahaws.— Domenech, 

 Deserts N. Am., i, 441, ISGO. Tonkahiras.— School- 

 craft, Ind. Tribes, l, 51S, 1851. Tonkahuas.— Bon- 

 nell, Tex., 137, 1840. Ton-ka-hues.— Ind. AIT. Rep., 

 257, 18,53. Ton-kah-ways.— Parker, Tex., 221, 1856. 

 Tonkawas.— Doc. of 1771-2 quoted by Bolton in 

 Tex. Hist. Asso. Quar., IX, 91 , 1905. Tonkaways.— 

 Latham In Trans. Philol. Soc. Lond., 103, 1856. 

 Tonkawe.— Dewees (1854) quoted by Gatschet, 

 Karankawa Inds., 30, 1891. Tonkaweya.— Busch- 

 mann (1859) qnoted by Gatschet, ibid., 33. Tonke- 

 ways.— Bollaert in Joiir.Etbnol. Soc. Lond. ,11, 265, 

 18.50. Tonkhuas. — Coombs in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1859, 

 233, 1860. Tonkowas.— Marcy, Prairie Trav., 197, 

 1861. Tonks.— So-called by TexaTis. Ton-que- 

 was.— Butler in H. R. Doc. 76, 29ihCong.,2d sess., 

 7, 1847. Tonqueways. — Battey, Aiivent., .58, 1875. 

 Tonquoways. -Webber, Gold Mines of the Gila, 

 194,1849. Tonqus. — Ibid. Toukaways. — Parkerin 

 Schoolcraft. Ind. Tribes, v, 683, 1855. Yanehe.— 

 Gatschet, IMS., B. A. E. (Lipan name). Zan- 

 cagues.— Doc. (1790) in Tex. State Archives. 



Tonkawan Family. A linojniistic stock 

 esta))li8heii by Powell ( 7th Kep. B. A. E., 

 125, lcS91) to include the Tonkawa tribe, 

 but subsecjuently determined by Bolton 

 to embrace also a number of small tribes, 

 including the Ervipiame, Mayeye, and 

 Yojuane. See Tu)daira. 

 =Tonkawa.— Gatschet, Zwolf Sprachen ans deni 

 Siidwesten Nordamerikas, 76, 1876 (vocal)ulary of 

 about 300 words and some sentences); Gatschet. 

 Die Sprache derTonkawas, in Zeitschrift fiir Eth- 

 nologic, 61, 1877; Gatschet (1876) in Proc. Am. 

 Philos. Soc., XVI, 318, 1S77. =Tonkawan.— Powell, 

 op. cit. 



Tonkaway-root. A name among herb- 

 alists and "herb doctors" for the root of 

 (ronulohus publijlorci'i. 



Tonoyiet's Band. A Paviotso band, 

 named fn.m its chief (Woman Helper), 

 formerly ])elo\v Big Meadows, Truckee 

 r., w. Nevada. Pop. 280 in 1859. 



To-no-yiet.— Dodge in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1x59.374. 1860. 

 Tonoziet. — Burton, City of Saints, 570, 1S61. Woman 

 helper band. — Ibid. 



Tontos ( Span. : ' fools, ' so called on ac- 

 count of their sujiposed imljecility; the 

 designation, however, is a mi.«nomer). 

 A name so indiscriminately api>lied as to 

 be almost meaningles.s. (1) To a mix- 

 ture of Yavapai, Yuma, and ]\b)luive, 

 with some Pinaleno Apache, placed on the 

 Rio Verde res., Ariz., in 1873, and trans- 

 ferred to San Carlos res. in 1875; bestdes- 

 ignated as the Tulkepaia, q. v. (2) To a 

 tribe of the Athapascan family well known 

 as Coyotero Apache. (3) To the Pinalenos 

 of the same family. (4) According to Co r- 

 busier, to a body of Indians descended 



mostly from Y^avapai men and Piilal 

 Coyotero (Pinaleilo) women Who havd 

 intermarried. The term Tontos was there^ 

 fore applied by writers of the 19th century 

 to practically all the Indians roaming be- 

 tween the White mts. of Arizona and the 

 Rio Colorado, com{)rising parts of two 

 linguistic families, l)ut especially to the 

 Yavapai, commonly known as Apache 

 Mohave. Thesynonymyfollowing, there- 

 fore, does not always rej^resent true 

 equivalents of any tribal name. The 

 Tonto Apache transferred to San Carlos 

 in 1875 numbered 629, while the Yavapai 

 sent to that reserve numliered 618 and 

 the Tulkepaia 352. The Tontos othcially 

 designated as such numbered 772 in 1908, 



TONTO APACHE 



of whom 551 were under the San Carlos 

 agency, 160 under the Camp Verde school 

 superintendency, and 11 at Camp JNIc- 

 Dowell. See Apache, Tejiia. 

 Ahwa-paia-kwanwa. — Corbusier in Am. Antiq.. 

 VIII, 277, 1886 (= 'enemy,' 'all,' and 'speak,' 

 referring to their mongrel tongue). Apache 

 Tonto.— Bonnycastle, Span. Am., 70, 1819. Apache 

 Tontoes.— Wliite. Hist. Apaches, MS., B. A. E., 

 1S75. Del-dje'.— ten Kate, Synonymic, 5, 1884 

 (Ted ant': Apache name). Deldzje.— ten Kate, 

 Reizen in N. Am., 199, 1885. Dilzhan.— Curtis, 

 Am. Ind., 1,134,1907 ('spatter talkers': Apache 

 name). Dil-zhay.— White. Apache Names of In- 

 dian Tribes, MS., B. A. E. ( ' red si lil with red-ants'; 

 al.soapplied tothcMohave). Four Peak Indians.— 

 Curtis in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1S71, 62, 1872. Gohun.— 

 Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iil, pt.l, 110, 1890. 

 Guhunes.— Ibid., 113. Har-dil-zhays.- White, Hist. 

 Apaches, MS., B. A. E.. 1875 (Ted country In- 

 dians' or 'Indians living wliere there were red- 

 ants': .\pache name). Ko-un.— Bandelier in Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, III, pt. 1, 110,1890. Koun.- Curtis, 

 Am. Ind.. I, 134, 1907 (• rough'. Apache name). 

 Kuhns.- White, Hist. Apache Inds., MS., B. A. E.. 

 1875 (so called by Mexicans "on account of their 

 ' foolishness' "). Lo-co.— White, op, cit. (Apache 



