814 



TREATY PARTY TRIBE 



[B. A. E. 



Since the act of Mar. 3, 1871, the deal- 

 ings with the Indians, except in cases in 

 which the President has been empowered 

 to act, have been by agreements. To Mar. 

 21, 1902, these have numbered 74. Pre- 

 vious to the Declaration of Independence 

 treaties were made with the Indians by 

 the individual colonies and also by Great 

 Britain. The New England colonies, and 

 Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, and 

 Virginia seem to have treated directly and 

 independently of the mother country; 

 while treaties with the Indians of New- 

 York, the Carolinas, and Georgia were 

 made partly by the colonies and partly 

 by the agents of the British government. 

 Under the Articles of Confederation the 

 right of treating with the Indians was 

 clearly reserved to the respective states in 

 which the Indians resided, but under the 

 Constitution the party with whom this 

 right remained has been a subject of dis- 

 pute, although theoretically the right 

 seems to have remained with the 13 origi- 

 nal states until transferred by them to the 

 United States. 



For additional information consult the 

 various official compilations of Indian 

 Treaties up to 1837 and those of 1873 and 

 1904; also Reports of the Commissioner of 

 Indian Affairs, especially those for 1890 

 and 1903. For treaties relating to land 

 cessions, see 18th Rep. B. A. E., pt. ii, 

 1900. See also Governmental Policy, Land 

 Tenure, Reservations. (c. t. ) 



Treaty Party. A name applied to the 

 Cherokee removed w. of the Mississippi 

 under the New Echota treaty of 1835, to 

 distinguish them from those previously in 

 the W. and known as Western Cherokee, 

 or Old Settlers. 



Eastern Cherokees. — Washington treaty proc. (1846) 

 in U. S. Ind. Treaties, 82, 1873. Treaty Party.— 

 Ibid. 



Trelagn. Mentioned as a pueblo of the 

 province of Atripuy (q. v.), in the region 

 of the lower Rio Grande, N. Mex., in 

 1598.— Onate (1598) in Doc. In^d., xvi, 

 115, 1871. 



Trelaquepu. Mentioned as a pueblo of 

 the province of Atripuy (q. v.), in the 

 region of the lower Rio Grande, N. 

 Mex., in 1598.— Onate (1598) in Doc. 

 Ined., XVI, 115, 1871. 



Tremblers. An unidentified branch of 

 the Apache of Arizona, "who acquired 

 their name from their emotions at meet- 

 ing the whites." 



Tremblers.— Canadian guide quoted by Emory, 

 Recon., 70, 1848. Trementinas.— Villa-Sefior, Thea- 

 tre Am., pt. 2, 412, 1748. 



Trenaquel. Formerly the most south- 

 erly of the Piro pueblos on the w. bank 

 of the Rio Grande, probably on the site 

 of the present town of San Marcial, So- 

 corro CO., N. Mex. It was visited by 

 Ofiate in 1598 and mentioned by him as 

 one of the pueblos of the province of 



Atripuy (q. v.). Qualacii was the most 

 southerly of the Piro villages on the op- 

 posite bank of the river. See Onate 

 (1598) in Doc. InM., xvi, 115, 1871; 

 Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 252, 

 1892. 



Trephining. See Medicine and Medicine- 

 men. 



Trey^y. Mentioned as a pueblo of the 

 province of Atripuy (q. v.), in the region 

 of the lower Rio Grande, N. Mex., in 

 1598.— Oiiate (1598) in Doc. Ined., xvi, 

 115, 1871. 



Treypual. Mentioned as a pueblo of 

 the province of Atripuy (q. v.), in the 

 region of the lower Rio Grande, N. Mex., 

 in 1598.— Onate (1598) inDoc.InM.,xvi, 

 115, 1871. 



Triapi. A Tewa pueblo in New Mexico 

 in 1598. 



Triape. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, i, 19, 

 1881 (misprint). Triapi— Ofiate (1598) in Doc. 

 In(5d., XVI, 115, 1871. 



Triaque. A Tewa pueblo in New 

 Mexico in 1598.— Onate (1598) in Doc. 

 Ined., XVI, 116, 1871. 



Triati. An unidentified pueblo in New 

 Mexico in 1598.— Oiiate (1598) in Doc. 

 Ind., XVI, 103, 1871. 



Tribe. Among the North American In- 

 dians a tribe is a body of persons who are 

 bound together by ties of consanguinity 

 and aflBnity and by certain esoteric ideas 

 or concepts derived from their philosophy 

 concerning the genesis and preservation 

 of the environing cosmos, and who by 

 means of these kinship ties are thus 

 socially, politically, and religiously or- 

 ganized through a variety of ritualistic, 

 governmental, and other institutions, and 

 who dwell together occupying a definite 

 territorial area, and who speak a common 

 language or dialect. From a great variety 

 of circumstances — climatic, topographic, 

 and alimental — the social, political, and 

 religious institutions of the tribes of North 

 American Indians differed in both kind 

 and degree, and were not characterized 

 by a like complexity of structure; but 

 they did agree in the one fundamental 

 principle that the organic units of the 

 social fabric were based on kinship and 

 its interrelations, and not on territorial 

 districts or geographical areas. 



In order to constitute a more or less 

 permanent body politic or tribe, a people 

 must be in more or less continuous and 

 close contact, and possess a more or less 

 common mental content — a definite sum 

 of knowledge, beliefs, and sentiments — 

 which largely supplies the motives for 

 their rites and for the establishment and 

 development of their institutions, and 

 must also exhibit mental endowments 

 and characteristics, that are likewise felt 

 to be common, whose functioning results 

 in unity of purpose, in patriotism, and 

 in what is called common sense. 



