838 



TUNANPIN TUNICA 



[b. a. e. 



A gens uf the Iowa, consisting of the 

 Tapothka, Punghathka, Munchinye, and 

 Kirokokhoche subgentes. 



Too-num'-pe.— Morgan, Anc. Soc, 156, 1877. Tu'- 



nai-p'i".— Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 238, 1897. 



Tunanpin. A gens of the Missouri 



(q. v.). 



Moon'-cha.— Morgan, Anc. Soc, 156, 1877. Tu-na°'- 



pl".— Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 240, 1897. 



Tunanpin. A gens of the Oto (q. v.). 

 Me-je'-ra-ja.— Morgiin, Anc. Soc. ,156, 1877 ( = 'Wolf; 

 given as distinct from Bear gens). Moon'-cha. — 

 Ibid. ('Bear'). Mu"-tci'-ra-tce. — Dorsey in l-5th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 240, 1897 fWolf ). Tuna-'-p'i".— 

 Ibid. ('Black bear'). 



Tundastusa ( Apache : ' water spread out, ' 

 from the many springs forming marshy 

 areas). A large prehistoric pueblo ruin 

 on a low elevation between two washes 

 entering Forestdale cr. from the n., on 

 the White Mtn. Apache res., 10 m. s. e. 

 of Showlow, Ariz. It was partially exca- 

 vated in 1901 by Dr Walter Hough, of 

 the National Museum, who is inclined 

 to the belief that it was a settlement of a 

 Zuni clan or clans on its northward mi- 

 gration. See Nat. Mus. Rep. 1901, 289, 

 1903. 



Forestdale ruin. — Ibid. 



Tundy. See Tatemy. 



TunessassahC where thereisfinesand.' — 

 Hewitt). An Iroquois village formerly 

 on upi^er Allegheny r., perhaps in Warren 

 CO., Pa., and occupied by Seneca, Cayuga, 

 and Onondaga. — Macauley, N. Y., ii, 200, 

 299, 300, 1829. 



Tung. The Sun clan of the Tewa pueblo 

 of Hano, n. e. Ariz., only one individual 

 (a man) of which survived in 1893. 

 Tan'.— Fewkes in Am. Anthr., vn, 166, 1894. 

 Tda'-wu.— Stephen in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 39, 1891 

 (Hopiname). Tjon-a-ai'.— Ibid. (Navahoname). 

 Tun.— Ibid. 



Tungge (Tewa: ' village of the basket' ). 

 A former pueblo of the Tano on a bare 

 slope near the banks of a stream (which 

 in the mountains farther s. is called 

 Rio de San Pedro, lower down Una de 

 Gato, and in the vicinity of the ruins 

 Arroyo del Tunque), at the n. e. extrem- 

 ity of the Sandia mts., in Sandoval co., 

 N. Mex. It was the westernmost of the 

 Tano villages in prehistoric times, and 

 was evidently in ruins in 1541, the date 

 of Coronado's expedition, having been 

 abandoned a few years prior to that date 

 in consequence of an attack by nomadic 

 Indians from the plains. The pueblo was 

 extensive, forming a number of irregular 

 squares, and the houses were constructed 

 of adobe with rubble foundations. See 

 Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 109, 

 121, etseq., 1892. 



El Tunque.— Bandelier, op. cit., 109. Pueblo de 

 Tunque.— Doc. of 1770 cited by Bandelier, ibid., 112. 

 Tung-ge. — Ibid., 109 (aboriginal name). Tung-ke.— 

 Bandelier in Ritch, N. Mex., 201, 1885: in Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, in, 1'29, 1890. Tunque.— Bandelier in 

 Ritch, op. cit. Village of the Basket.— Bandelier 

 in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, op. cit. 



Tungulungsi ( Tung-ul-ung'-si, ' smallest 

 turtle' ). A subclan of the Delawares. — 

 Morgan, Anc. Soc, 172, 1877. 



Tungyaa. According to tradition of t he 

 Santa Clara Indians, an ancient Tewa 

 pueblo on a black mesa near the w. bank 

 of the Rio Grande, above the San Ilde- 

 fonso ford, N. Mex. (f. w. h.) 



Tuniakpuk. A Togiagmiut Eskimo vil- 

 lage on lower Togiak r., Alaska; pop. 137 

 in 1880. 



Tuniakhpuk. — Petroff in 10th Census Alaska, map, 

 1884. Tuniakpuk.— Baker, Geog. Diet. Alaska, 641, 

 1906. Tunniakhpuk,— PetrofI, op. cit., 17. 



Tunica (ta, an article; uni, 'people'; ka, 

 nominal suffix. — Gatschet). Atribe, form- 

 ing a distinct linguistic family known as 

 Tonikan, formerly dwelling on the lower 

 Mississippi. The Tunica are prominent 

 in the early history of the lower Missis- 

 sippi region because of their attachment 

 to the French and the faithful service 

 rendered them as allies in contests with 

 neighboring tribes. When first visited 

 they lived in Mississippi on lower Yazoo 

 r. In 1699 La Source (Shea, Early Voy., 

 80, 1861) estimated the number of their 

 cabins at about 260, scattered over 4 

 leagues of country. He states that 

 they lived entirely on Indian corn 

 and did no hunting. Gravier, who vis- 

 ited the tribe in 1700, states that they 

 occupied 7 hamlets containing 50 or 60 

 small cabins. In 1706, according to La 

 Harpe, the Tunica were driven from their 

 villages by the Chickasaw and Alibamu 

 and joined the Huma; and it is said that 

 subsequently they killed more than half 

 that tribe and occupied its territory. In 

 1730 they met with a reverse at the hands 

 of those Natchez who had taken refuge 

 among the Chickasaw; their village was 

 burned and a large number of them killed. 

 In 1760 they occupied 3 villages, the 

 largest of which was on a lake at Tunica 

 bayou. Baudry des Lozieres in 1802 

 ascribed to them a population of 120 men, 

 a total of about 450. 



Hutchins (Imlay, West. Ter., 419, 1797) 

 notes a Tunica village on the e. bank of 

 the river opposite the upper plantations of 

 Pte Coupee, containing in 1784 about 20 

 warriors. Later the Tunica moved up to 

 Marka.ville prairie in Avoyelles parish, on 

 the s. side of lower Red r. Still later they 

 appear under the local name of Avoyelles 

 Indians (not to be confounded with an 

 older tribe of that name), a name applied 

 also to the Biloxi, who settled here in 1762 

 after leaving their coast seats. The rem- 

 nant of the Tunica, consisting of about 30 

 people, are now e. and s. e. of Marksville, 

 the parish seat, on what is called Marks- 

 ville prairie. They speak Tunica, Creole, 

 and English. 



Gravier' s description of the Tunica in 

 1700 indicates that their women made an 

 excellent fabric of mulberry cloth; there 

 was a fair division of labor between the 

 sexes; tlie men cultivated the soil, planted 

 and harvested the crops, cut the wood 



