840 



TUPUIC TUEQUOISE 



[b. a. e. 



mission was abandoned, a part of the 

 tribe went with the Cocos to San Antonio 

 de Valero. See Tops. (h. e. b. ) 



Thops.— Pedro Ramon in doc. 10, leg. 6, letter K, 

 Arch. Col. Santa Cruz, ca. 1756. Tup. — Morfi, 

 Mem. Hist. Tex.,bk. n, ca. 1782, MS. 



Tupuic. A village, presumably Costa- 

 noan, formerly connected with Dolores 

 mission, San Francisco, Cal. — Taylor in 

 Cal. Fanner, Oct. 18, 1861. 



Tupuinte. A village, presumably Cos- 

 tanoan, formerly connected with Dolores 

 mission, San Francisco, Cal. — Taylor in 

 Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. 



Tupustikutteh (r»-7>(V-/i-A;Mi''-te/i, 'grass- 

 nut eaters'). A Paviotso band formerly 

 on Carson r., w. Nevada. — Powers, Inds. 

 W. Nevada, MS., B. A. E., 1876. 



Tuquisan. A INIaricopa settlement on 

 Gila r., s. Ariz., in the 18th century. — 

 Orozco y Berra, Geog., 348, 1864. 



Turami. A Costanoan village formerly 

 within 10 m. of Santa Cruz mission, Cal. — 

 Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 5, 1860. 



Turasi ( ' where there are peaches') . A 

 small pueblo of the Tarahumare, near 

 Norogachic, Chihuahua, Mexico. — Lum- 

 holtz, inf'n, 1894. 



Turatu. The Elk clan of Taos pueblo, 

 N. Mex. 



Tura'tu tai'na.— M. C. Stevenson, notes, B. A. E., 

 1910 (to/'«a=' people'). 



Turco. See Turk. 



Turghestltsatun. A Tolowa village on 

 the Pacific coast n. of the mouth of 

 Klamath r., Cal. 



Ta-ke9l'-tuiniin'-ne. — Dorsey, Chetco MS. vocah., 

 B. A. E., 1884. Ta-kes9r-tsate'-ne. — Dorsev, Smith 

 River MS. vocab.,B. A.E.,1884. Tu-rxestl' tsa'- 

 tun. — Dorsey, NaUunnetuune MS. vocab., B. A. 

 E., 183, 1884. 



Turip. A Yurok village on Klamath r. , 

 about 8 m. above the mouth, in n. w. 

 California. (a. l. k. ) 



Turisai. A former rancheria, probably 

 of the Sobaipuri, and a visita of the Jesuit 

 mission of Suamca. Probably situated on 

 or near the Rio Santa Cruz in s. Arizona 

 or N. Sonora. 



S. Pedro Turisai.— Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Max., 

 371, 1889 (after early docs.). 



Turk. A nickname {El Turco) given 

 by the members of Coronado's expedi- 

 tion in 1540-42 to a native of the province 

 of Harahey (identified with the Pawnee 

 country), because of his peculiar head- 

 dress. The Turk, who was a "slave" at 

 Pecos pueblo (Cicuye), N. Mex., prob- 

 ably first because of a desire to return to 

 his people, later at the instigation of the 

 Pueblos who liad suffered atrocities at 

 the hands of tlie Spaniards, repre.sented 

 to Coronado that in Qnivira, and espe- 

 cially in Harahey and "the Guaes," there 

 was much gold, which he called acochis 

 (q. v.). Fired with entliusiasm at what 

 the Indian had told him, Coronado started 

 with his army from Tiguex on the Rio 

 Grande the following spring (1541), 

 guided by the Turk and accompanied by 

 a Quivira Indian named Ysopete. After 



wandering for some time on the Staked 

 plains of e. New Mexico and w. Texas, 

 Coronado became convinced that the Turk 

 was trying to lead the army astray, where- 

 on he put him in irons, sent back to the 

 Rio Grande tlie main body of his force, 

 placed himself under the guidance of Yso- 

 pete, and in 42 days of northward jour- 

 neying reached the country of Quivira, 

 in the present Kansas. Traversing the 

 length of this province, Coronado, after 

 the middle of August, reached Kansas r., 

 whence he summoned Tatarrax, chief of 

 Harahey, ^^ hich lay next beyond. Re- 

 gardless of the presence of Tatarrax with 

 200 warriors of the tribe to which the 

 Turk belonged, and whom the latter en- 

 deavored to set against the Spanish force 

 of 30 men, the treacherous guide was 

 strangled to death, and Coronado pre- 

 pared for his return journey. ( f. w. h. ) 



Turkey Hill. A small village near 

 Derby, New Haven co., Conn., subject 

 to the Paugusset. In 1761 there were 

 only a dozen Indians there. — Birdsey 

 (1761) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Ist s., x, 

 111, 1809. 



Turkey town (translation of .the native 

 term Ginlf-dYgachi-hAn'yl, and derived 

 from the name of a chief, Turkey or 

 Little Turkey). A former Cherokee 

 settlement on the w. bank of Coosa r., 

 opposite the present Center, Cherokee 

 CO., Ala. (j. M.) 



Giin'-di'gaduhiin'yi.— Mooney in 19th Rep. B. A. 

 E., 521, 1900 (Cherokee name). Turkey Town.— 

 Doc. of 1799 quoted by Royce in 5th Rep. B. A. E., 

 144, 1887. 



Turniptown (from the native term 

 U'lun'yl, 'tuber place'). A former 

 Cherokee settlement on Turniptown cr., 

 above Ellijay, Gilmer co., Ga. (j.m.) 

 Turnip Mountain. — Doc. of 1799 quoted by Royce 

 in 5th Rep. B. A. E.. 144, 1S87. TJ'lun'yi.— Mooney 

 in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 542, 1900. 



Turquoise. Stones of greenish hue were 

 especially valued by the American abo- 

 rigines, and this was due, apjmrently, to 

 the association of certain religious no- 

 tions with the color. Turquoise is one 

 of the most beautiful of the green gem 

 stones, and, according to Clark and Diller, 

 is a hydrous aluminum sulphate colored 

 by a copper phosphate, containing also a 

 little iron and magnesia. It displays a 

 wide range of pale bluish and greenish 

 tints, and occurs in thin seams or in 

 pockets associated with eruptive rocks, or 

 as grains and pebbles in the sands and 

 gravels of the valleys. It is found in 

 various localities, notably in Colorado, 

 New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and Cali- 

 fornia, and was mined by the natives in 

 pre-Spanish times at Cerrillos mt., near 

 Santa Fe, N. Mex. (Blake), and on Tur- 

 quoise mt. in Cochise co., Ariz. 



The first Spanish explorers found this 

 stone in use for personal ornaments by 

 the native tribes, and it appears that they 

 had been conducting mining operations 



