BULL. 30] 



URACHA URUACHIC 



873 



Tlraclia. A tribe or band represented 

 by one individual at San Antonio de 

 Valero mission, Texas, in 1764 (Valero 

 Baptisms, 1764, partida 1500, MS. )• There 

 is no indication of the tribe's affiliation. 



Urchaoztac. A Maricopa rancheria on 

 the Rio Gila, Ariz., in 1744. — Sedelmair 

 (1744) cited by Bancroft, Ariz, and N. 

 Mex., 366, 1889. 



TJrebTire. A village, presumably Costa- 

 noan, formerly connected with Dolores 

 mission, San Francisco, Cal. — Taylor in 

 Cal. Farmer, Oct. 18, 1861. 



Tires (Opata: nri, 'man'). A former 

 pueblo of the Opata, containing also Ne- 

 vome, and the seat of a Spanish mission 

 founded in 1636; situated on the e. bank 

 of the E. branch of Rio Sonora, central 

 Sonora, Mex. Pop. 904 in 1678, 592 in 

 1730. The name was applied also to the 

 inhabitants, and Ure and Ore were some- 

 times used svnonymously with Opata. 

 Orozco y Berra (Geog., 58, 351, 1864) 

 classes tres both as a Nevome pueblo 

 and as an Opata division. Bandelier 

 (Arch. Inst. Papers, iii, 58, 1890) says the 

 tires were Opata. After the extermina- 

 tion of the Salineros and Cabezas of 

 Tizonezo, in Durango, that pueblo was 

 repeopled by some of the Ures inhabit- 

 ants. Ures is now a Mexicanized town 

 of 2,350 inhabitants, including descend- 

 ants of the former Opata population and 

 a number of Yaqui. See Corazones. 

 Hures. — Ribas (1G45) quoted in Arch. Inst. Papers, 

 ni, pt. 1, 58, 1890. San Miguel XTres.— Zapata (1678) 

 quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 24.5, 1884. 

 Ures.— Kino, map (1702) in Stoelilein, Neue Welt- 

 Bott, 74, 1726. 



TTrhlaina (a variety of trees). A clan 

 of Taos pueblo, N. Mex. 

 XTr'thlaina tai'na.— M. 0. Stevenson, notes, B. A. 

 E., 1910 (toJ';K( = 'people'). 



Urihesahe. Mentioned as a Choctaw 

 clan (Wright in Ind. Aff. Rep., 348, 1843). 

 Not identified. 



Um-bTirial. This method of disposing 

 of the dead, which consisted of the burial 

 of cremated or noncremated human re- 

 mains in vessels that were covered, un- 

 covered, or inverted over the remains, 

 was practised in places by the Indians, 

 from ocean to ocean, in the territory now 

 forming the United States, principally in 

 the S. , but nowhere has it been found to 

 be exclusive and apart from other forms 

 of burial. The custom continued into 

 the historical period (Yarrow, Moore). 

 Noncremated human remains were buried 

 in vessels of stone, covered in various 

 ways, in s. California (Yarrow), the 

 only locality in the United States where 

 stone vessels are known to have been 

 used for burial purposes. Similar remains 

 have been found in a covered receptacle 

 of earthenware in Tennessee (Holmes). 

 In Alabama, where alone plural burials 

 of noncremated remains in a single ves- 

 sel are sometimes met with, unburned 



human bones have been found in vessels 

 with and without covers, as is also the 

 case in Georgia. In n. Florida two bowls 

 containing noncremated remains were 

 found with vessels inverted above them 

 (Moore). Cremated human remains in 

 covered vessels have been unearthed 

 in Arizona (Hough, Gushing, Fewkes, 

 Hrdlicka) ; in large seashells and in shells 

 of turtles in Illinois (Mc Adams); in an 

 urn in Michigan (Gillman), and in ves- 

 sels, variously covered or uncovered, in 

 Georgia (Moore). In Georgia, also, hu- 

 man remains, sometimes cremated and 

 sometimes not, were placed on the sand 

 with vessels of earthenware inverted 

 above them (Moore). In s. California 

 entire skeletons having the skulls cov- 

 ered with inverted stone mortars, and in 

 one case with an inverted metal pan, are 

 said to have been found ( Yarrow) ; and 

 earthenware bowls were similarly turned 

 over skulls belonging to entire skeletons 

 in Arizona (Fewkes; Hodge, inf'n, 1904) , 

 in New Mexico (Duff; Hewett, inf'n, 

 1904), and in two instances in lower Ala- 

 bama (Moore). In Utah burials of non- 

 cremated remains have been found cov- 

 ered with baskets ( Pepper) . Urn-burial 

 was not practised by the tribes occupying 

 peninsular Florida, but in the n. w. part 

 of that state, urn-burial consisting, with 

 but few exceptions, of lone skulls some- 

 times accompanied with fragments of 

 other bones placed on the sand and cov- 

 ered by inverted bowls have been found 

 (Moore). In South Carolina urn-burial 

 probably was practised, but authentic 

 details are wanting. Published reports 

 of the discovery of urn-burials in Missouri, 

 Indiana, and Kentucky have been shown 

 to be incorrect. 



Consult Gushing in Internal. Cong. 

 Americanists, 7th sess., 1889, Berlin, 

 1890; Du Bois in Am. Anthr., ix, no. 

 3, 1907; Duff in Am. Antiq., xxiv, Sept.- 

 Oct., 1902; Fewkes in 22d Rep. B. A. E., 

 1904; Gillman in Proc. Am. A. A. S., 1876, 

 XXV, 1877; Holmes in 4th Rep. B. A. E., 

 1886; Hough in Nat. Mus. Rep. 1901, 

 1903; Hrdlicka in Am. Anthr., vii, 480, 

 1905; Moore (1) in Am. Anthr., vi, 

 no. 5, 1904, (2) ibid., vii, no. 1, 1905, 

 (3) various memoirs in Jour. Acad. Nat. 

 Sci. Phila., xi, xii, xiii, 1897-1905; Mc- 

 Adams in Proc. Am. A. A. S., 1880, xxix, 

 1881; Pepper in Jour. Am. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., II, no. 4, Guide leaflet 6, 1902; 

 Yarrow in Rep. U. S. Geog. Surv. W. 

 100th Merid., vii, 1877. (c. b. m. ) 



Urns. See Receptacles. 



Urraca. Mentioned by Castaiio de Sosa 

 (Doc. Ined., xv, 191, 1871) as a pueblo s. 

 of the Queres (Keres), on the Rio Grande, 

 N. Mex., in, 1590. It seemingly belonged 

 to the Tigua. 



Uruachic. A Tarahumare settlemenj; in 



