902 



WAMDISAPA S BAND 



[b, a. e. 



whose descendants now inhabit Sicho- 

 movi. 



A mushroom-shaped rock, the result of 

 subaerial erosion, stands in the open area 

 on the s. e. side of the village, and near 

 this rock the public portion of the Snake 

 Dance (q. v.) and of other ceremonies is 

 held. 



The direct trails to Walpi are steep and 

 in some places difficult. Many years ago 

 part of the ascent was made at the s. e. 

 side by a ladder drawn up at night. The 

 N. E. trail into Walpi is the most acces- 

 sible, having been greatly improved in 

 recent years. The population of Walpi 

 is mixed with Tewa and other progressive 

 Pueblo peoples, and has been in closer 

 contact with the whites than any other 

 Hopi pueblo. The progressive character 

 of the Walpi people is shown by the num- 

 ber of modern houses built in recent 

 years at the foot of the mesa near the 

 springs and fields. 



The following groups of clans, among 

 others, are represented at Walpi: Chua 

 (Snake), Ilonau (Bear), Kachina (Sacred 

 Dancer), Patki (Cloud), Pakab (Reed or 

 Arrow), Kokop (Firewood), Asa (Tansy 

 Mustard), Tuwa-Kukuch (Sand-Lizard), 

 Lengya (Flute), Ala (Horn), and Piba- 

 Tabo' (Tobacco-Rabbit). The ancestors 

 of these clans lived in pueblo or cliff 

 houses, now ruins, situated in various 

 directions and in some cases remote from 

 Walpi. The original settlers were the 

 Bear people, who are reputed to have 

 come from Jemez (q. v.). These colo- 

 nists were later johied by the Snake and 

 Horn peoples, whose ancestors lived in 

 extreme n. Arizona. The Kachina clan 

 came from the e. ; the Reed people are 

 descendants of women captured at a 

 Hopi town, now a ruin, called Awatobi. 

 The Kokop clan came from Jemez, and 

 made Walpi their home after the fall of 

 their own pueblo, Sikyatki, in prehistoric 

 times. The Patki, Kukuch, and Piba- 

 Tabo originally came from the s., where 

 ruins of their pueblos are still visible at 

 Winslow and near Hardy, Ariz., on 

 Little Colorado r. The Flute people 

 came from n. Arizona, where they once 

 lived with the Horn and Snake clans. 

 The Asa migrated from Zuni. The socio- 

 logic history and growth of Waljii are as 

 follows: (1) Formed by Bear clans; (2) 

 increased by the accession of Snake clans; 

 (3) enlarged by clans after the overthrow 

 of Sikyatki; (4) destruction of Awatobi 

 and assimilation of many clans there- 

 from ; (5) advent of Asa clans from Zufii; 

 (6) advent of clans from the Little Colo- 

 rado; (7 ) advent of the Tewa clans, some 

 of whose descendants now live in Hano. 



The population now numbers about 200, 

 but according to Vetancurt it had about 

 1,200 inhabitants in 1680. This estimate is 

 evidently exaggerated. 



Consult Bourke, Snake Dance of the 

 Moqois, 188-i; Donaldson, Moqui Indians 

 of Arizona, 1893; Fewkes, various writ- 

 ings in Reps. B. A. E., Am. Anthr., and 

 Jour. Am. Folk-lore; Hough, Moki Snake 

 Dance, 1898; V. Mindeleff in 8th Rep. 

 B. A. E., 1891; C. Mindeleff in 19th Rep. 

 B. A. E., 1900, and the writings cited 

 below. (j. w. F. ) 



Alaki.— Fewkes in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 611, 1900 

 ('Horn house,' on account of the many Horn (Ala) 

 people there: traditional name). Cuelpe. — Parke, 

 map of N. Mex., 1851; Davis, El Gringo, .115, 

 1857. Et-tah-kin-nee.— Eaton in Schoolcraft, Ind. 

 Tribes, iv, 220, 1854 (Navaho name). Gualpa. — 

 Garces (1776), Diary, 394, 1900. Gualpes.— Ibid., 

 360. Gualpi.— Porras {ca. 1630) quoted by Vetan- 

 curt, Menolog. Fran., 211, 212, 1871. Gualpi- 

 mas.— Vetancurt (1693) in T&itro Mex., in, 322, 

 1871. Guelpee.— Taylor in Cal. Farmer, Apr. 10, 

 1863 (or Hualpee). Hoepeekee. — Eastman, map 

 (1853) in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, iv, 24-25, 1854. 

 Horn Pueblo.— Fewkes in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 611, 

 1900 (or Alaki). Huallpi.— Alcedo, Dice Geog., ii, 

 379, 1787. Hual-pe.— ten Kate, Reizen in N. A., 

 242, 1885. Hualpee— Beadle, Undeveloped West, 

 576, 1873. Hual-pee.— Ives, Colo. R., map, 1861. 

 Hualpi.— Villa-Serior, Theatro Am., ii, 425, 1748. 

 Hualpy.— Loew in Pop. Sci. Mo., v, 352, July 1874. 

 Hualvi.— Loew (1875) in Wheeler, Surv. Rep., vii, 

 34.5, 1879. Huatl-vi.— Loew in Ann. Rep. Wheeler 

 Surv., 178, 1875. I-ya'-kin. — A. M. Stephen, inf'n, 

 1887 ('high house': Navaho name). Jano- 

 gualpa.— Garc<!'s (1776) quoted by Bancroft, Ariz. 

 and N. Mex., 137, 395, 1889 (apparently a mistaken 

 combination of Hano and Walpi). Jual-pi. — 

 Palmer in Ind. Aff. Rep., 133, 1870. Mo'-qui.— 

 Barber in Am. Nat., 730. Dec. 1877 (or Gual'-pi). 

 Obiki.— Loew in Pop. Sci. Mo.,v, 3.52, July 1874 ("er- 

 roneously called Hualpy"). O-pe'-ki. — Jackson 

 cited by Barber in Am. Nat., 730, Dec. 1877 (or 

 Gual'-pi). 0-pi-ji-que. — Ward (1861) quoted by 

 Donald.son, Moqui Pueblo Inds., 14,] 893. Opijiqui. — 

 Tavlorin Cal. Farmer, June 19, 1863. Opquive, — 

 Schoolcraft, Ind.Tribes,i,519, 1851. Opquivi.— Cal- 

 houn quoted by Donaldson, Moqui Pueblo Inds., 

 14,1893. Guai-l-pi. — Donaldson, ibid, (misp'rintof 

 Whipple's GuAl-pi) . S. Bernardino Gualpi. — Vargas 

 (1692) quoted bv Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 201, 

 1889. Talvoi.— Escudero, Not. Estad. de Chihua- 

 hua, 231, 1834 (probably identical). Wa-ci-pi.— 

 Shipley in Ind. Aff. Rep., 810, 1891. Wall-a-pi,— 

 Irvine in Ind. Aff. Rep., 160, 1877. Wal-pe.— ten 

 Kate, Reizen in N. A., 4.54, 18S5 (or Huftl-pe) . Wal- 

 pi. — Common form. Walpians. — Fewkes in Am. 

 Anthr., vii, 396, 1894 (the people). Washpi.— 

 Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (Acoma form). 

 Wathl-pi-e.— Whipple in Pac. R. R. Rep., iii, pt. 

 3, 13, 18,56 (Zuni name). Wolapi.— Shufeldt, In- 

 dian Types of Beautv, 10, 1891. Wol-pi.— Powell 

 in Scribner's Mag., 202, Dec. 1875. 



Wamdisapa's Band. One of the two di- 

 visions of the Wahpekute Sioux, of which 

 Wamdisapa (Black Eagle) was chief be- 

 tween 1842 and 1851. Their predatory 

 habits led to and prolonged a war with 

 the Sauk and Foxes, in consequence of 

 which they separated from the main body 

 of Wahpekute l)efore 1851, going to Ver- 

 milion r., S. Dak. Subsequently Inkpa- 

 duta (Scarlet Point) was chief of the band, 

 w^hich, after becoming reduced to 10 or 

 15 lodges, was known by his name. They 

 returned to Spirit lake and Des Moines r., 

 and, their lands having been ceded by 

 the treaty of Mendota, Minn., in 1851, they 

 came into conflict with the Government. 

 Their right to a part of the purchase 

 money being refused, they murdered 

 the settlers and were hunted down by 

 soldiers. 



