934 



WEOGUFKA WEQUADONG 



[b. a. e. 



arrived in the Huron country in 1639. 

 From Herrman's map of Virginia and 

 Maryland in 1670 (published in 1673) 

 much information is derived in regard to 

 the valley of the Juniata r. , the w. branch 

 of the Susquehanna, and the Wyoming 

 or Scahentowanen valley. As the Wen- 

 rohronon were on hostile terms wi h the 

 Iroquois tribes, and as they were Luown 

 to have traded with the English, the 

 Dutch, and other Europeans, it would 

 appear that they must have followed the 

 routes to the trading places on the Dela- 

 ware and the lower Hudson customarily 

 followed by the Black Minquaas, with 

 whom they seem to have been allied. 

 From Herrman's map it is learned also 

 that the Black Minquaas lived w. of the 

 Alleghany mts. , on the Ohio or Black Min- 

 quaas r., and that these Indians reached 

 Delaware r. by means of the Conemaugh, 

 a branch of the Ohio or Black Minquaas 

 r., and the Juniata, a branch of the Sus- 

 quehanna, and that prior to 1670 theBlack 

 Minquaas came over the Alleghany mts. 

 along these branches as far as the Dela- 

 ware to trade. These Wenrohronon were 

 probably closely allied in interests with 

 the Black Minquaas, and so came along 

 the same route to trade on the Delaware. 

 Diverging eastward from the Wyoming 

 valley were three trails — one through 

 Wind gap to Easton, Pa., the second by 

 way of the Lackawanna at Capouse mead- 

 ows through Cobb's gap and the Lacka- 

 waxen to the Delaware and Hudson, and 

 the third, sometimes called the "War- 

 rior's path," by way of Ft Allen and 

 along the Lehigh to the Delaware Water- 

 gap at Easton. From the journal of Rev. 

 Wm. Rogers with Sullivan's expedition 

 against the Iroquois in 1779, it is learned 

 that in the Great Swamp is Locust Hill, 

 where evident marks of a destroyed Indian 

 village were discovered; that the Toby- 

 hanna and Middle crs. flow into Tunkhan- 

 nock, which flows into the head branch 

 of the Lehigh, which in turn joins the 

 Delaware at Easton; that Moosick mtn., 

 through a gap of which Sullivan passed 

 into the Great Swamp, is on the dividing 

 line or ridge between the Delaware and 

 the Susquehanna. This indicates the 

 routes by which the Wenrohronon could 

 readily have reached the Delaware r. for 

 trading purposes at a very earlv date. 



LeJeune (Jes. Rel. 1639, xvn,'213, 1898) 

 states that the Wenrohronon, "those 

 strangers who recently arrived in this 

 country," excel in drawing out an arrow 

 from the body and in curing the wound, 

 but that the etficacy of the prescription 

 avails only in the presence of a pregnant 

 woman. In the same Relation (p. 37) he 

 says that "the number of the faithful 

 who make profession of Christianity in 

 this village amounts to nearly 60, of whom 



many are Wenrohronons from among 

 those poor strangers taking refuge in this 

 country." According to the Jesuit Rela- 

 tion for 1672-73 (lvii, 197, 1899) there 

 were Wenrohronon captives among the 

 Seneca, along with others from the Neu- 

 tral Nation, the Onnontioga, and the 

 Hurons; the three nations or tribes last- 

 named, according to Father Fremin (1669- 

 70), composed the Seneca town of Kana- 

 garo, the Neutrals and the Onnontioga 

 being described as having seen scarcely 

 any Europeans or having heard of the true 

 God. 



The historical references above given 

 indicate that the Wenrohronon, before 

 their wars with the Iroquois and before 

 they were stricken with smallpox, must 

 have been a tribe of considerable impor- 

 tance, numbering at least 1,200 or 1,500, 

 and possibly 2,000 persons, (j. n. b. h.) 



Ahouenrochrhonons. — Jes. Rel. 1635, 34, 1858. Awen- 

 rehronon. — Jes. Rel., Ill, index, 1858. Oenronron- 

 nons. — Jes. Rel. 1653, xxxix, 141, 1899. Seanohro- 

 nons.— Jes. Rel. 1639, 55, 1858 jmisprint, cor- 

 rected in errata). Ouenro nation. —Ibid., 1673, LVII, 

 197, 1899. Senroronons.— Jes. Rel. 1639, 98, 1858. 

 Weanohronons.— Ibid. ,1639, XVI, 253,1898. Wenro.— 

 Shea, Cath. Miss., 179, 1856. Wenrohronons (8en- 

 rohronons). — ^Jes. Rel. 1639, 55, 1858 (form given 

 in errata). 



Weoguf ka ( ' muddy water ' ) . A former 

 Upper Creek town on a branch of Pon- 

 chishatchee cr., in s. w. Coosa co., Ala., 

 with 103 heads of families in 1832. 

 Owekofea,— Rovce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., Ala. map, 

 1900. Tl-i-ukufki.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 

 I, 149, 1884. We-a-guf-ka.— Sen. Ex. Doc. 425, 24th 

 Cong., 1st sess., 277, 1836. We guf car. — Parsons in 

 Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, iv, 576, 1854. Weo- 

 gufka.— H. R. Rep. 37, 31st Cong., 2d sess., 122, 1851. 



Weogufka. A town of the Creek Na- 

 tion, Okla. 

 TJ-i-ukufki.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., ii, 186, 



1888. 



"Wepanawomen. A village situated in 

 1608 on the e. bank of Patuxent r. in 

 Anne Arundel co., Md.— Smith (1629), 

 Va., I, map, repr. 1819. 



Weperigweia, An Algonquian tribe 

 living in 1635 n. of St Lawrence r., below 

 Tadoussac, Quebec. 



Oueperigoueiaouek. — Jes. Rel. 1643, 38, 1858. Oupe- 

 rigoue-ouaouakhi. — Jes. Rel. 1635, 18, 1858. Wepe- 

 rigoueiawek. — Jes. Rel., in, index, 1858. 



Wequadong (from wikuedunk, 'at the 

 bay'). An ancient Chippewa village 

 where the L'Anse band still live, near 

 L'Anse, at the head of Keweenaw bay, 

 Baraga co., Mich. 



Anoe.— Shea, Cath. Miss., 390, 1855. Ance-ke-wo 

 naw.— Warren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 

 38, 1885. Au3e Kenowenou.— Chauvignerie (1736) 

 quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, iii, 556, 1853 

 (misprint). Kiouanan.— Chauvignerie In N. Y. 

 Doc. Col. Hist., IX, 1054, 1855. Kiouanau.— Chau- 

 vignerie quoted in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 427, 

 1885. Kiouanous, — Chauvignerie quoted by 

 Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, m, 556, 1853 (misprint). 

 Kioueouenau.— VaudreuU (1719) in N. Y. Doc. Col. 

 Hist., IX, 893, 1855. Kuk-ke-wa-on-an-ing.— War- 

 ren (1852) in Minn. Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 243, 1885. 

 L'Anse.— La Pointe treaty (1854)in U. S. Ind. Treat., 

 223, 1873. We-qua-dong.— Warren (1852) in Minn. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., v, 38, 1885. Wikuedo-wininiwak.— 

 Gatschet, Ojibwa MS., B. A. E., 1882 ('people at 



