BULL. 30] 



WINNEBAGO 



961 



clothingjinoccasins, cooking utensils.anns, 

 and in other respects, they show marked 

 individual characteristics which, how- 

 ever, have not been investigated as yet. 



The population was estimated by Pike 

 at 1,750 in 1806; by Morse at 5,800 in 

 1820; in 1837 and again in 1843 their 

 number was given at 4,500. In 1867 

 there were 1,750 on the Nebraska res. and 

 700 in Wisconsin. In 1876 there were 

 1,463 on the Nebraska res. and 860 in 

 Wisconsin; but 204 of the latter removed 

 in 1877 to Nebraska. In 1886 there were 

 1,222 in Nebraska and 930 in Wisconsin, 

 and in 1910 there were 1,063 in Nebraska 

 and 1,270 in Wisconsin. 



The gentes as given by Dorsey are as 

 follows: 1. Shungikikarachada ('Wolf'); 

 2. Honchikikarachada ('Black Bear ' ) ; 3. 

 Huwanikikarachada ('Elk'); 4. Waka- 

 nikikarachadaC Snake'); 5. Waninkiki- 

 karachada ('Bird'), including: (a) Hich- 

 akhshepara ('Eagle'), (b) Ruchke( 'Pig- 

 eon'), (c) Kerechun ('Hawk'), (d) 

 Wakanchara ( ' Thunderbird ' ) ; 6. Cheiki- 

 karachada ( ' Buffalo ' ) ; 7. Chaikikara- 

 chada ('Deer'); 8. Wakchekhiikikara- 

 chada ( ' Water-monster ' ) . 



The Winnebago had a number of vil- 

 lages, those whose names are known be- 

 ing Prairie la Crosse, Sarrochau, Spotted 

 Arm's village. Village du Puant, Wuckan, 

 Yellow Thunder. (.i. o. d. p. b.) 



Aoeatsioaenronnon.^Jes. Rel. for 1649, 27, 1858. 

 Aoueatsiouaen-hronons. — Vimont, ibid. (1640), 35. 

 Aoueatsiouaenronnons. — Ibid. (1646), 81. ASeatsi- 

 Saenrrhonon. — Ibid. (1636), 92 (Huron name). 

 Aouentsiouaeron. — Sanson, map Can. (1657), in 

 Am. Antiq., 1, 233, 1879. Aweatsiwaenhronon. — Jes. 

 Rel., Ill, index, 1858. Banabeoueks. — Perrot, 

 M6m., 293, 1864 (rai.sprint for Ouanabeoueks). 

 Banabeoiiik. — Prise de possession (1671) in N. Y. 

 Doc. Col. Hist., IX, 803, 1855. Banabeouiks.— Proces 

 verbal of 1671 in Margry, D6c. i, 97, 1876. Bana- 

 boueks.— Perrot, M^m., 295, 1864. Bay Indians. — 

 Lapham, Blossom, and Dousman, Inds. Wis., 15, 

 1870. Fish-eaters.— Maximilian, Trav., 507, 1843. 

 Gens de Mer.— Gale, Upper Miss., 342, 1867. 

 Hati'hshi' rii'nii.— Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. ('afraid 

 of sticking in the mire': Wyandot name). Hoch- 

 uagohrah. — Gallatin in Trans. Am. Ethnol. Soc, 

 II, cv, 1848 (own name). Hochungara.— Dunn, 

 True Ind. Stories, 817, 1909. Hochungarras.— 

 Richardson, Arct. Exped., ii, 34, 1851. Hochungoh- 

 rah.—GallatininTrans. Am. Antiq. Soc. ,11, 120, 1836 

 (trans, 'trout nation'). Hoh-tchungh-grahs. — 

 Ramsey in Minn. Hist. Coll., i (18.50-56), 49, 1872. 

 Hoochawgenah.— Tanner, Narr., 313, 1830. Ho- 

 roje. — Gallatin in Trans. Amer. Antiq. Soc, ii, 

 120, 1836 (' fish-eaters'). Ho-ro-ge.— Long, Exped. 

 Rocky Mts., I, 339, 1823. Horoji.— Dunn, True 

 Ind. Stories, 317, 1909. Ho-tan-ke.— Ramsey in 

 Rep. Ind. Aff. for 1819, 88, 18.50 (Dakota name). 

 Hotagke. — Riggs, Dakota Gram, and Diet., 69,1852. 

 Hotcangara. — Dorsey, MS. Winnebago vocab., B. 

 A. E., 1878 (trans, 'primitive language') . Ho-toan- 

 ga-ra.— McGeeinl5thRep.B.A. E.,162,1897(trans. 

 'people of the parent speech'). Hote-shog- 

 garah. — Investigator, i, 17, 1845. Hote-shung- 

 garah. — Ibid. Hoton-ga. — Maximilian, Trav., 507, 

 1843. Howchungerah. — Featherstonhaugh, Canoe 

 Voy.,i, 168, 1847. Huq'tanjia.— Dorsey, Osage MS. 

 vocab., B. A. E., 1883 (Osage name). Hu'tan-jja.— 

 Dorsey, Kwapa MS. vocab., B. A. E., 1881 (Qua- 

 pave name). Iripegouans. — Rasles (1723) in Mass. 

 Hi.st. Coll., 2d s., VIII, 2.51,1819. Mipegoes.— Bou- 

 dinot. Star in W., 107, 1816. Mipegois.-Ibid., 127. 

 Nation de Mer.— Jes. Rel. 1656, 39,1858. Nation 



3456— Bull. 30, pt 2—07 61 



of stinkers.— Neill, Hist. Minn., 100, 18.58 (trans, 

 of Nation des Puants, French trans, of the Chip- 

 pewa name, which is said to have been bestowed 

 in derision of their fondness for bathing in foul 

 water). Nipegons.— Carver, Trav., 415, 1778. Nip- 

 pegon.— Long, Exped. Rocky Mts., Ixxxvi, 1823. 

 Ochangras.— Pike, Trav., 134, 1811. 0-chunga- 

 raw.— Fletcher in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, iv, 

 227, 1854 (so called by Oto, Iowa, Omaha, and 

 Missouri). Ochunkgraw. — Warren in Minn. Hist. 

 Coll., V, 400, 1885. 0-chunk-o-raw.— Gale, Upper 

 Miss., 42, 1867. Octaaros.— De la Tour, map, 1779 

 (misprint for Octagros). Octagros. — Carte des 

 Poss. Angl., 1777. Octchagras.- Jefferys, French 

 Dom. Am., i, 74, 1761. 0. tan. gan.— Forsyth 

 quotedby Miss E. H. Blair, inf'n, 1909('greatvoice' : 

 own name). Otchagras. — Jefferys, op. cit., 47. Ot- 

 chagros.— Ibid., map, 134. O-tchun-gu-rah. — Ram- 

 sey in Ind. Aff . Rep. 1849, 88, 1850. O-thun-gu-rahs.— 

 Lapham, Blossom, and Dousman, Inds. Wis., 16, 

 1870. Otmagra.— Adelung, Mithridates, in, 270, 

 note, 1816. Otonkah.— Fletcher in Schoolcraft, 

 Ind. Tribes, iv, 227 1854 (Dakota name). «ana- 

 begoueks. — Perrot, M6m., 295, 1864. Ouenebegons. — 

 La Potherie, Hist. Am., ii, 49, 1763. Ouenebi- 

 gonchelinis. — Ibid., i, 131 {iinis probably in- 

 tended for iZ/mi). Ouenibegouc. — Charlevoix, New 

 France, VI, 225, 1866. Ouenibigonc. — Perrot. M6m., 

 293, 1864. Ouenibigoutz. — Jes. Rel. 1670, 94, 

 1858. Ouinepeag.— Peet in Am. Antiq., 304, 1886. 

 Ouinipegong.— Jes. Rel. 1648, 62, 1858. Ouinipe- 

 gou. — Sliea, Discov., xxii, 1852. Ouinipegouec. — 

 Coxe, Carolana, map, 1741. Ouinipegoiiek. — Tail- 

 han in Perrot, M6m., 293, 1864. Ouinipigou. — Le 

 Jeune in Jes. Rel. 1640, 35, 1858. Ounepigous. — 

 Chauvignerie (1736) quoted bv Schoolcraft, Ind. 

 Tribes, in, 556, 1853. Pauns.— Le Sueur (1700) in 

 Neill, Hist. Minn., 156, 1858. Pewins.— Goldthwait 

 (1766) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., x, 122, 1809. 

 Pouan.— Doc. of 1736 in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., 

 IX, 1055, 1855. Pouans. — Chauvignerie, ibid. 

 Puanag.— Gatschet in Am. Antiq., ii, 78, 1879 

 (given as Chippewa name). Puans. — Hennepin, 

 New Di.scov., pt. 1, 35, 1698. Puants.— Jes. Rel. 

 1636, 92, 1858. Puyon.— Dalton (1783) in Mass. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., 1st s., X, 123, 1809. Sea tribes.— 

 Shea, Cath. Mi.ss., 349,1855. Stinkards.— Jefferys, 

 French Dom. Am., pt. 1, 47, 1761 (trans, of 

 French Puans). Stinkers. — Long, Exped. St. 

 Peter's R., ii, 216, 1824. Stinks.— Lapham, Blos- 

 som, and Dousman, Inds. Wis., 8, 1870. Trout 

 nation.— Dunn, True Ind. Stories, 315, 1909. Web- 

 ings.— Imlay, W. Terr. N. Am., 294,1797. Winbie- 

 giig. — Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Potawatominame). 

 Winebago.— Pike, Exped., i, app., 20, 1810. Wine- 

 bagoe.— Ex. Doc. 90, 22d Cong., 1st sess., 64, 1832. 

 Winebegok. — Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Chippewa 

 name, from xui'nat, 'dirty'). Winepegouek.— Jes. 

 Rel., Ill, index, 1858. Winibagos. — Prichard, 

 Phys. Hist. Mankind, v, 412, 1847. Winibigong.— 

 Jes. Rel., Ill, index, 1858. Winipegou.— Ibid. 

 Winnabagoes.— Imlay, W. Terr. N. Am., 293, 1797. 

 Winnebager. — Adelung, Mithridates, iii, 270, 1816. 

 Winnebages. — Fletcher in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 

 IV, 228, 1857 (misprint). Winnebago.— Drake, Bk. 

 Inds., 171, 1848. Winnebagoag, — Tanner, Narr., 

 316, 1830 (Ottawa name). Winnebagoe. — Charle- 

 voix, New Fr., vi, 225, 1866. Winnebagoec.— Gale, 

 Upper Miss., 184, 1867 (Algonkin name). Winne- 

 bagog.— .^twater, Writings, pt. 2, 167, 1833. Win- 

 nebago Indians. — Kelton, Ft. Mackinac, 148, 1884. 

 Winnebagoue.— Gale, Upper Miss., 342, 1867. Win- 

 nebaygo.— Treaty of 1829 in U. S. Ind. Treat., 996, 

 1873. Winnepans. — Bluejacket (1807) quoted by 

 Drake, Tecumseh, 94, 18.52. Winnepaus. — Blue- 

 jacket quoted by Brice, Hist. Ft. Wayne, 173, 

 1868. Winnepeg.— Peet in Am. Antiq., vill, 304, 

 1886. Winnibigog.— Gatschet, MS., B. A. E. (Chip- 

 pewa name). Winnipegouek. — Shea, Discov., 

 xxiii, 1852. 



Winnebago. An Indian village on 

 Wildcat cr., Ind., destroyed by the 

 troops under Gen. Hopkins in 1812; 

 named for the Winnebago tribe, which 

 was largely represented among the fol- 

 lowers of Tenskwatawa, The Prophet. 

 It contained "about forty houses, many 



