BULL. ?.0] 



YUKICHETUNNE YUKONIKHOTANA 



1009 



Wintun, Poino, and other tribes, were 

 brought to it, where they still reside. 

 The Yuki proper in 1902 numbered 

 about a hundred, the Huchnom barely 

 a dozen. The coast Yuki amount proba- 

 bly to 15 or 20 individuals, and the num- 

 ber of Wappo, though not accurately 

 known, is undoubtedly also small. 



The Yuki much resemble the Porno 

 in appearance. They are short, l)road, 

 and sometimes fat. Mea.«urements give 

 an average height for men of 162 cm., 

 which is a rather low stature. The Yuki 

 show a considerably longer headform 

 than any of their northern, eastern, or 

 southern neighbors, as the Yurok, Hupa, 

 AVintun, Maidu, and Pomo. This devia- 

 tion is unexplained. The women tattoo 

 their faces, especially across the cheeks 

 and on the chin. 



In their mode of life, habits, and beliefs 

 the Yuki generally resemble the better- 

 known Pomo, though the Yuki proper 

 sliow the closest specific cultural resem- 

 blances to the neighboring Athapascan 

 Wailaki. The Huchnom affiliated with 

 the Pomo, and reseral)led these more 

 nearly in their hal)its and practices than 

 they did the Yuki proper. They fished and 

 hunted, but mostof their food was vegetal. 

 They performed a ceremony conducted 

 by a secret society whose members rep- 

 resented the spirits of the dead. They 

 believed that the world was created by 

 a being, human in shape, called Taiko- 

 mol, 'He who travels alone,' assisted by 

 the coyote. This deity was represented 

 in a ceremony. (.\. l. k.) 



Chu-mai-a.— Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., in, 136, 

 1877 (Pomo name). Eukas. — Ind. Aft'. Rep. 1864, 

 119, 1865. Noam-kekhl.— Powers in Cont. N. A. 

 Ethnol.. Ill, 230, 1877 ( ' west dwelling' or ' western 

 tribe': Wintun name). Noam'-kult. — Ibid. Nomee 

 Cults.— Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 8, 1860. Shu- 

 meia. — Powers in Overland Mo., ix, 306, 1872. 

 Uca.— Gibbs in Hist. Mag., 1st s., vii, 123, 1863. 

 Uka.— Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 22, 1860. 

 Ukies.— Ind. Aft". Rep., 112, 1865. TJlkies.— Ind. Aft. 

 Rep., 75,1870. Yuca's.— Russell (18.53) in H. R. Ex. 

 Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 3d sess., 74, 1857. Yucas.— Ind. 

 Aff. Rep., 26, 1866. .Yuka.— Gibbs, op. cit. Yukeh.— 

 Ibid. Yu-ki. — Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., in, 

 23, 1877. Yuques. — Gibbs, op. cit. 



Yukichetunne ( ' people at the mouth of 

 the river'). A band of the Tututni for- 

 merly living on Euchre cr., n. of Rogue 

 r., Oreg. ; now on Siletz res. In 1854 

 (Ind. Aff. Rep. 1854, 495, 1855) their 

 l)opulation consisted of 24men, 41 women, 

 18 boys, and 19 girls. In 186:5 (ibid., 511, 

 1864) they numbered 187; two years later 

 (ibid., 470. 1865), their reputed popula- 

 tion was 150. They are no longer sepa- 

 rately enumerated. 



Euchees.— Ind. Aff. Rep. 1863. 511. 1864. Eucher.— 

 Newcomb, ibid., 162, 1861. Euches.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 

 470, 1865. Euchre. — Victor in Overland Mo., vii. 

 347, 1871. Euchre Creek.— Revnolds in Ind. Aff. 

 Rep. 1856, 202, 1857. Eu-qua-chee.— Parrish, ibid., 

 1854, 495, 1855. Eu-quah-chee.— Kautz, MS. Toutou- 

 ten census, B. A. E., 1855. I-uka tene. — Everette, 

 Tutu MS. vocab. , B. A. E., 1883 ( trans, 'people by the 

 mossy creek'). Uchres.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 495, 1865. 



3456— Bull. 30, pt 2—07 64 



Uka.— Metcalfe, ibid., 3.57, 18.57. Yoqueechae.— 

 Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, ill, map."!, 1853. Yoqui- 

 chacs. — Domenech, De.serts of N. Am., i, map, 1860. 

 You-quee-chae. — Ex. Doc. 39, 32d Cong., 1st se.ss., 

 2, 18.52. Yu'-ni.— Dorsey, Alsea MS. vocab., B. A. 

 E., 1884. Yu'-ki-tce' ^unne. — Dorsey in Jour. Am. 

 Folk-lore, in, 233, 1890 (Tututni name). Yu-kwa- 

 chi. — Schumacher in Bull. G. and G. Surv., in, 28, 

 1877. Yu'-kwi-tce' ?unne'. — Donsey in Jour. Am. 

 Folk-lore, in, 233, IS90 (Xaltunnetunne name). 

 Yuquache.— Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, vi, 702, 1857. 

 Yukolumni, Mentioned as a tribe of the 

 Cholovone, who lived e. of the lower San 

 Joaquin r., Cal., and were the northern- 

 most division of the Yokuts (Mariposan) 

 family. 



Youcoolumnies. — Bancroft, Nat. Races, I, 450, 1874. 

 Yukolumni. — A. L. Kroeber, inf'n, 1905. 



Yukonikhotana. An Athapascan tribe 

 in Alaska whose range is principally N. of 

 the Yukon from the mouth of Tozi r. down 

 to Yukon r. They are few in number and 

 are less nomadic than their eastern neigh- 

 bors. Beyond the uneventful visits of sev- 

 eral exi>lorers, nothing of their history is 

 known. They trade every spring at 

 Nuklukayet with the Kutchin tribes 

 from upper Yukon and Tanana rs. They 

 hunt the moose, reindeer, and fox, 

 the skins of which they either trade or 

 make into clothing, although of late 

 years they are beginning to adopt the 

 clothing of the whites. Their houses are 

 less jtermanently built than those on the 

 lower jiart of the Yukon. They have no 

 draft dogs, like their western neigh- 

 bors, but carry their burdens on their 

 shoulders. There seems to be no system 

 of totems among them, although Petroff 

 (Rep. on Alaska, 161, 1884) states that 

 there is evidence of their division into 

 clans. Intermarriage with their lowland 

 neighbors, to whom they are closely re- 

 lated dialectically, is rare; it is said that 

 they do not purchase their wives, like 

 many Athapascan tribes, but take and 

 divorce their wives at pleasure, there be- 

 ing no marriage ceremony among them. 

 Although the men outnumber the women, 

 polygyny is common among them. They 

 ai-e not copper-colored, but of an ashy 

 olive hue, and are less hairy than the 

 adjacent Eskimo. The dead are fre- 

 quently buried in an erect position, the 

 sarcophagus being of a rough casklike 

 form. Many of their old customs have 

 been modified or replaced by those of the 

 Eskimo. The poiiulation of two villages 

 in 1843 was 56 (Zagoskin quoted by 

 Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska, 37, 1884). 

 Petroff (ibid., 12) gives their total popu- 

 lation in villages as 221. The villages 

 are Chentansitzan, Medvednaia, Melozi- 

 kakat, Noggai, Nowi, Tohnokalony, and 

 Tuklukyet. 



Youcan.— Hind, Lab. Renin., I. 54, 1863. Youcon. — 

 .\nderson ( 1858) quoted by Hind, ibid., ii, 260, 1863. 

 Youkonikatana. — Dall in Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci.. iv, 

 35, 1873. Youkponi-Kouttanse.— Petitot, Autourdu 

 lac des Esclaves. 361, 1891. Yukonikhotana.— 

 Petroff in 10th Census, Alaska. 161, 1884. Yukon'- 

 ikhotana.— Dall in Cent. N. A. Ethnol., I, 28, 1877. 



