THOMAS.] BURIAL MOUNDS, DAVENPORT, IOWA. 25 
With them were found one sea-shell (Busycon perversum), two copper 
axes, to which fragments of cloth were attached, one copper awl, an 
arrow-head, and two store pipes, one representing a frog. 
Mornd No. 2, though similar in form and external appearance to the 
preceding, presented a quite different arrangement internally, as is evi- 
dent from the vertical section shown in Fig. 7. Here there were no 
layers of shells, but two distinct layers of stones. At the depth of 
5 feet eight skulls (five only are shown in the figure), with some frag- 
ments of bones were unearthed; these were lying in a semicircle of 5 
feet diameter, each surrounded by a circle of small stones (shown at a 
in the figure). From the position of the skulls and bones it was evident 
these bodies had been buried in a sitting posture. The articles found 
accompanying the skeletons were two copper axes, two small hemi- 
spheres of copper and one of silver, a bear’s tooth, and an arrow-head. 
No. 3, though the largest of the group, was apparently unstratified, 
the original burial consisting of the bones of two adults and one infant, 
at the original surface of the ground, under a thin layer of ashes, and 
surrounded by a single circle of small red stones. With these were 
found copper axes, copper beads, two carved stone pipes (one in the 
form of a ground-hog), animal teeth, etc. Near the surface of the 
mound were two well-preserved skeletons, with evidences of an “ oak- 
wood” covering over them and accompanied by glass beads, a fire steel, 
clay pipe, and silver ear-ring—evidently an intrusive burial. 
No. 4 was found similar in construction and in all other respects to No. 
3, except that at the feet of the skeletons was a round heap of stones, 
3 feet high, neatly laid up, and that in the earth where the skeletons 
lay could be distinetly seen traces of cloth or some woven material, in 
which they had probably been enveloped. 
No. 5 was similar to No. 2, except in the following respects: The 
skeletons (probably two) were in a confused heap at the bottom under 
a G-inch layer of hard clay (probably similar to what Colonel Norris 
calls “‘mortar”). Near these, but outside of the clay layer, was a stone 
heap similar to thatin No.4. ‘On this lay two very strong thigh bones 
and three ribs placed diagonally across each other. There were also 
afew bones leaning against the heap at one side. The stones were 
partly burned to lime, and all of them showed more or less marks of 
fire, while the bones in the mound showed not the slightest trace of it.” 
Four or five feet south of the stone-heap was a large quantity of 
human bones in complete confusion. The relics were broken pots, 
arrow-heads, a stone pipe, ete. 
Nos. 7, 8, and 9 were similar to No. 1, varying only in minor details.' 
My object in noticing the construction of so many mounds in a single 
group and the modes of burial in them, is to call attention to the difter- 
ences in detail where there can be no doubt that they were built by one 
tribe and probably by one clan, as the size of the group indicates a 


1 Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Sciences, Vol. I, pp. 118-122. 
