36 BURIAL MOUNDS OF THE NORTHERN SECTIONS. 
in Fig. 10, in which 1 is the outline of the mound on the hill slope; 2, 
the pit; and 3, the stones of the drain. 
No. 13 was found to contain a circle or enclosure, 10 feet in diameter, 
of stone slabs set on edge at the natural surface of the ground. With- 
in this circle, but some 2 feet below the surface, were five skeletons : 
two adults, two children, and one infant. They were all lying hori- 
zontally, side by side, with heads south, the adults at the outside and 
the children between them. 
We are reminded by the mode of burial in this case of that in the 
mound opened by Dr. Lapham at Waukesha, Wisconsin, before referred 
to. In that the remains of a single individual were discovered, but in 
this it would seem that the skeletons of an entire family, gathered 
from their temporary resting places, had been carefully buried side by 
side, a silent testimonial to parental love and aftection of friends among 
the mound-bnilders. 
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Fic. 10.—Section of mound 4, East Dubuque, Illinois. 
No. 1, 6 feet high and 45 feet in diameter, was found to be an ossuary. 
Beneath the top layer was an arched stratum of clay and ashes mixed, 
so firm and hard as to retain its form unsupported over a space of 
several feet. This covered a confused heap of human bones, many of 
which were badly decayed. 
The marked feature of the group was found in No. 16, a remarkably 
symmetrical mound 65 feet in diameter and 10 feet high. After pass- 
ing downward 6 feet, mostly through a hard gray layer, a vault partly 
of timber and partly of stone was reached. <A vertical section of the 
mound and vault is shown in Fig. 11, and the ground plan of the vault 
in Fig. 12. 
This vault or crypt was found to be rectangular in form, inside 
measurements showing it to be 15 feet long and 7 feet wide, surrounded 
by a sandstone wall 3 feet high. Three feet from each end was a cross- 
wall or partition of like character, thus forming a main central chamber 
7 feet square, and a narrow chamber or cell at each end something 
over 2 feet wide and 7 feet long. The whole had been completely coy- 
ered with a layer of logs from 6 to 12 inches in diameter, their ends 
reaching slightly beyond the side walls in the manner shown in Fig. 12. 
