THOMAS. ] MOUNDS NEAR NAPLES, ILLINOIS. 39 
from some mounds near Naples, Illinois, and described in the Smith- 
sonian Report for 18582. The latter are shown in Figs. 13, 14, and 15. 
The relation of these to the pipes found in the Ohio works by Squier 
and Davis is too apparent to be attributed to accident, and forces us to 
the conclusion that there was intercourse of some kind between the 
two peoples, and hence that the works of the two localities are rela- 
tively of the same age. 
The mode of burial in one of the mounds near Naples is so sug- 
gestive in this connection that I quote here Judge Henderson's de- 
scription : 
The oval mound No. 1 was explored in April, 1881, by beginning a trench at the 
north end and carrying it to the original surface and through to the south end. 
Lateral trenches were opened at intervals, and from these and the main one a coin- 
plete exploration was made by tunneling. 
Near the center of the mound a single skeleton was found in a sitting position, and 
no objects were about it except a single sea-shell resting on the earth just over the head, 
anda nnmber of the bone awls, already described, sticking in the sand around the skeleton. 
The individual had been seated upon the sand, these awls stuck around him in a 
circle 4 or 5 inches in the sand, and the work of carrying dirt begun, 
When the mound had been elevated about 6 inches above the head the shell was 
laid on and the work continued. 
The shell alluded to is a fine specimen of Busycon perversum, with the 
columella removed in order to form a drinking cup. 
The particular point to which I call attention is this: In Plate XI, 
Part Il of De Bry,! which is reproduced in the annexed Plate IV, is 
represented a yery small mound, on the top of which is a large shell, 
and about the base a circle of arrows sticking in the ground. The 
artist, Le Moyne de Morgues, remarks, in reference to it, ‘‘ Sometimes 
the deceased king of this province is buried with great solemnity, and 
his great eup from which he was accustomed to drink is placed on a 
tumulus with many arrows set about it.” The tumulus in this case is 
evidently very small, and, as remarked by Dr. Brinton,? “scarcely rises 
to the dignity of a mound.” Yet it will correspond in size with what 
the Naples mound was when the shell was placed upon it; nevertheless 
the latter, when completed, formed an oval tumulus 132 feet long, 98 feet 
wide, and 10 feet high. 
It is therefore quite probable that Le Moyue figures the mound at 
the time it reached the point where the shell cup was to be deposited, 
when, in all likelihood, certain ceremonies were to be observed and a 
pause in the work occurred. Whether this suggestion be correct or not, 
the cut and the statement of Judge Henderson furnish some evidence 
in regard to the presence of these articles in the mounds, and point to 
the people by whom they were placed there. 
Colonel Norris opened a number of the ordinary small burial mounds 
found on the bluffs and higher grounds of Pike and Brown Counties, 

! Brevis Narratio, Tab. XI. 
2 American Antiquarian, October, 1881, p. 14. 
