292 CHEROKEE NATION OF INDIANS. 
but little from it in its proposed provisions, except in the idea of secur- 
ing a somewhat larger consideration, as well as some minor adyantages. 
fle was assured in reply that while the United States were willing to 
extend every liberality of construction to the terms of the treaty of 1835 
and to secure the Cherokee title to the western country by patent, they 
could not entertain the idea of a new treaty. 
As soon as it became absolutely apparent, not only that the Cherokees 
must go but that no unnecessary delay would be tolerated beyond the 
limit fixed by the treaty, a more submissive spirit began to be mani- 
fested among them. During the summer of 1838 several parties of emi- 
grants were dispatched under the direction of officers of the Army. 
The number thus removed aggregated about 6,000. 
CHEROKEES PERMITTED TO REMOVE THEMSELVES. 
Later in the season John Ross and others, by virtue of a resolution 
of the national council, submitted a proposition to General Scott that 
the remainder of the business of emigration should be confided to the 
nation, and should take place in the following September and October, 
after the close of the sickly season, the estimated cost of such removal 
to be fixed at $65.88 per head. To this proposal assent was given,” 
and the last party of Cherokee emigrants began their march for the 
West on the 4th of December, 1858.°. Scattered through the mountains 
of North Carolina and Tennessee, however, were many who had fled to 
avoid removal , and who, nearly a year later, were represented to num- 
ber 1,046, and Mr. James Murray was, in the spring of 1840, ap- 
pointed® a commissioner to ascertain and enroll for removal those en- 
titled to the benefits of the treaty of 1835. 
DISSENSIONS AMONG CHEROKEES IN THEIR NEW HOME, 
The removal of the Cherokees having at last been accomplished, the 
next important object of the Government was to insure their internal 
tranquillity, with a view to the increase and encouragement of those 
habits of industry, thrift, and respect for lawfully constituted authority 
which had made so much progress among them in their eastern home. 
1 Annual report of Commissioner of Indian Affairs, November 25, 1838. » 
2 Proposal was accepted July 25; emigration to begin September 1 and end before 
October 20, 1838. 
5The number, according to the rolls of John Ross, who removed under his direc- 
tion, was 13,149. According to the rolls of Captain Stevenson, the agent who received 
them on their arrival West, there were only 11,504, and, according to Captain Page, 
the disbursing officer, there were 11,721. Mr. Ross received on his settlement with 
Captain Page subsequent to the removal, $486,939.504, which made a total payment 
to Ross by the Government on account of Cherokee removals of $1,263,338.38. (Letter 
of Commissioner Indian Affairs, June 15, 1842). See, also, Commissioner of Indian 
Affairs to Commissioner of Land Office, January 9, 1839, 
+Commissioner of Indian Affairs to Secretary of War, September 12, 1839. 
5 April 21, 1840. 

