MATTHEWS. ] CEREMONIES: HOSHKAWN DANCE. 44] 
where the yucca stood, and, in his imbecile totterings, he at length stum- 
bled on the plant and pretended to have his flesh lacerated by the sharp 
leaves. He gave a tremulous ery of pain, rubbed saliva on the part 
supposed to be wounded, and muttered his complaints in a weak and 
shaking voice. He pretended then to seek for the plant, and was three 
times wounded in his efforts to find it. At length, kneeling on the 
ground, with his face buried in the leaves, he feigned to discover it, and 
rejoiced with querulous extravagance over his success. When he had 
marked the spot and the way back to it with am exaggerated burlesque 
of the Indian methods of doing these things, he went off to find his 
“old woman” and bring her to pick the fruit. Soon he returned with 
a tall, stalwart man, dressed to represent a hideous, absurd-looking old 
granny. The latter acted his part throughout the rest of the drama 
with a skill fully equal to that of his comrade. 
145, There were scenes in this drama which may not be told in this. 
connection. It will suffice to say here that when the yucca fruit was 
picked and put in the basket the old man helped the “woman” to 
shoulder her load and the pair left. the corral. The hackan-incd‘ does 
not invariably appear in the corral dance. I have attended one cere- 
mony where it was omitted. I have heard two descriptions of the dance 
which differed very much from the one given above. 
146. Many facts concerning not only the hackan ined‘, but other parts 
of the mountain chant, have not been allowed to appear in this essay, 
Recognized scientists may learn of them by addressing the author 
through the Director of the Bureau of Ethnology. 
147. Tenth dance. At twenty minutes past three an uninteresting per- 
formance called the “bear dance” began. A man entered on all fours; 
his face was painted white; he wore around his loins and over his 
shoulders pieces of some dark pelt which may have been bear skin, but 
looked more like the skin of a black sheep. The fire had now burned 
low and the light was dim. He was accompanied by two attendants, 
one of whom carried arattle. He went twice around the ring, imitating 
the lumbering gait of the bear. He occasionally made a clumsy lunge 
sidewise at some of the spectators, as though he would attack them; 
but on these occasions the man with the rattle headed him off and rat. 
tling in his face directed him back to the usual course around the fire. 
This show lasted five minutes. 
148. The Eleventh dance was the fire dance, or fire play, which was the 
most picturesque and startling of all. Some time before the actors 
entered, we heard, mingled with the blowing of the buffalo horn, strange 
sounds, much like the call of the sand-hill crane; they will, for con- 
venience, be called trumpeting. These sounds continued to grow louder 
and come nearer until they were heard at the opening in the east, and 
in a second after, ten men, having no more clothing on than the per- 
formers in the first dance, entered. Every man except the leader bore 
along thick bundle of shredded cedar bark in each hand and one had 
