MACCAULEY.] ARCHITECTURE. 501 
is the space above the joists which are extended across the building at 
the lower edges of the roof. In this are placed surplus food and gen- 
eral household effects out of use from time to time. Household uten- 
sils are usually suspended from the uprights of the building and from 
pronged sticks driven into the ground near by at convenient places. 
From this description the Seminole’s house may seem a poor kind of 
structure to use as a dwelling; yet if we take into account the climate 
of Southern Florida nothing more would seem to be necessary. A 
shelter from the hot sun and the frequent rains and a dry floor above 
the damp or water covered ground are sufficient for the Florida In- 
dian’s needs. 
L-ful-lo-ha-teo’s three houses are placed at three corners of an oblong 
clearing, which is perhaps 40 by 30 feet. At the fourth corner is the 
entrance into the garden, which is in shape an ellipse, the longer diam- 
eter being about 25 feet. The three houses are alike, with the excep- 
tion that in one of them the elevated platform is only half the size of 
those of the others. This difference seems to have been made on account 
of the camp fire. The fire usually burns in the space around which the 
buildings stand. During the wet season, however, it is moved into the 
sheltered floor in the'building having the half platform. At Tus-ko-na’s 
camp, where several families are gathered, I noticed one building with- 
out the interior platform. This was probably the wet weather kitchen. 
To all appearance there is no privacy in these open houses. The only 
means by which it seems to be secured is by suspending, over where one 
sleeps, a canopy of thin cotton cloth or calico, made square or oblong 
in shape, and nearly three feet in height. This serves a double use, as a 
private room and as a protection against gnats and mosquitoes. 
But while I-ful-lo-ha-tco’s house is a fair example of the kind of 
dwelling in use throughout the tribe, I may not pass unnoticed some 
innovations which have lately been made upon the general style. There. 
are, I understand, five inclosed houses, which were built and are owned 
by Florida Indians. Four of these are covered with split cypress planks 
or slabs; one is constructed of logs. 
Progressive ‘ Key West Billy” has gone further than any other one, 
excepting perhaps Me-le, in the white man’s ways of house building. 
He has erected for his family, which consists of one wife and three chil- 
dren, a eypress board house, and furnished it with doors and windows, 
partitions, fioors, and ceiling. In the house are one upper and one or 
two lower rooms. Outside, he has a stairway to the upper floor, and 
from the upper floor a baleony. He possesses also an elevated bed, a 
trunk for his clothing, and a straw hat. 
Besides the permanent home for the Seminole family, there is also the 
lodge which it occupies when for any cause it temporarily leaves the 
house. The lodges, or the temporary structures which the Seminole 
make when “camping out,” are, of course, much simpler and less 
comfortable than their houses. I had the privilege of visiting two 
