540 RELIGIOUS LIFE OF THE ZUNI CHILD. 
one-half to three-fourths of an inch in diameter. I visited the spot in 
the fall of 1854, with Professors E. B. Tylor and H. N. M oseley, of Ox- 
ford, England, and Mr. G, K, Gilbert, of the United States Geological 
Survey. These gentlemen could not determine whether the tiny ex- 
eavations were originally made by human hands or by some other 
agency. The Indian’s only answer when questioned was, ‘They be 
long to the old; they were made by the gods.” Hundreds of these 
holes contain bits of cotton and wool from garments. In the side of 
this rock there are larger spaces, in which miniature vases, filled with 
sand, are placed. The sand is ground by rubbing stones from the same 
rock. The vases of sand, and also the fragments of wool and cotton, 
are offerings at the feet of the “mother” rock. Here, too, can be seen a 
quantity of firewood heaped as shown in the right-hand corner of the 
illustration. Each man and woman deposited a piece, that he or she 
might always have plenty of wood for heat and light. Some three 
hundred feet above is another shrine, directly attached to the * father” 
rock, and to the white man difficult of access. Here I found many 
offerings of plume sticks (Té-lik-tki-na-we). 
Before entering upon the purely mythologic phases of Zuni child life 
I will present a brief sketch of some of the Zuni beliefs. There are 
thirteen secret orders in Zuni, in many of which women and children 
are couspicuous, besides the purely mythologie order of the Kok-ko, 
All boys are initiated into this order, while but few girls enterit. It 
is optional with a girl; she must never marry if she joins the Kok-ko, 
and she is not requested to enter this order until she has arrived at such 
age as to fully understand its grave responsibilities and requirements. 
Let us follow the Zuni tradition of the ancient time, when these peo- 
ple first came to this world. In journeying hither they passed through 
four worlds, all in the interior of this, the passageway from darkness 
into light being through a large reed. From the inner world they were 
led by the two little war gods Ah-ai-t-ta and Ma-a-sé-we, twin brothers, 
sons of the Sun, who were sent by the Sun to bring these people to his 
presence. They reached this world in early morning, and seeing the 
morning star they rejoiced and said to the war gods: ‘ We see your 
father, of whom you have told us.” ‘‘ No,” said the gods, “ this is the 
warrior who comes before our father;” and when the sun arose the peo- 
ple fell upon the earth and bowed their heads in fear. All their tradi- 
tions point to the distant land of their appearance in this world as being 
in the far northwest; from there they were acecompanied by Ah-ai-a-ta 
and Ma-a-se-we. These little gods occupy important positions in Zuni 
mythand legend. After long journeying, it was decided that the Priest 
Doctor (Ka wi-m6 sa) should send his son and his daughter in advance 
to discover some favorable spot upon which to build a village. The 
youth and the maiden finally ascended a peak from which to have an 
extended view of the country. ‘Rest here, my sister, for you are tired,” 
said the youth, “and I will go alone.” From fatigue, the girl soon sank 

