52 Nareotine, and Sulphate of Morphine. 
often witnessed this operation from the Sulphate, and quite as fre- 
quently in women as in men. Dr. Bally thinks that Morphine neither 
increases nor diminishes the secretion of urine, nor changes its 
qualities in any way. Perhaps this is strictly correct of the Sul- 
phate, though it has always appeared to me to diminish this secretion 
moderately. However, { do not consider my observations as decisive 
on this point. 
Dr. Bally says that an occasional dose of Morphine produces torpor — 
of the intestines, but that its continued use renders the intestines lax. 
A regular and continued use of the Sulphate of Morphine, in uni- 
form doses, and at equal intervals, has been as liable, under my ob- 
servation, to produce costiveness, as a similar use of Opium, though 
[have not generally found a single full dose of it to produce this — 
effect. On the contrary, it has, in many cases, been followed, after 
about twelve hours, with a single loose evacuation. On my patients, 
and on myself, I have uniformly found the Sulphate of Morphine to 
be both speedy and effectual, in checking Diarrhea. In my hands, it 
has always radically cured all cases, in which I have employed it. 1] 
have never used it however, in any case requiring extremely large 
quantities of medicine for its relief. am 
In single large doses, the Sulphate of Morphine produces only 
sedative effects; but, in moderate and uniform doses, at regular and 
short intervals, and continued for some time, it certainly produces 
stimulant effects, i. e. it occasions a rapidly diffused and transient 
increase of the vital energies generally, and particularly of the strength 
of arterial action. What proportion its stimulant operation may 
_ bear to its other effects, in comparison with Opium, is not perhaps 
well settled. Dr. Bally expressly denies that Morphine “excites” 
the vascular system at all, even in small doses, and certainly not in 
large ones. Does he suppose that it would be admissible in a truly 
phlogistic, sthenic, or entonic disease? Has he ever employed it, im 
moderate and uniform doses, at regular and short intervals, and for 
a considerable time? If not, he has not tried it fairly. But Dr. Bally 
supposes that a “disturbance of the functions of the circulating sys- 
tem,” by large doses, has been mistaken for a stimulant effect. Cul- 
Jen also supposed that an “irritation of the sanguiferous system,” 
which he admitted was the “first operation” of Opium, was mistaken 
for stimulation. Now it matters not, by what name this operation 
is called, so long as it is admitted that it exerts this operation, for this 
is undoubtedly the operation that augments phlogistic diathesis, and 
diminishes the atonic. It is an operation which is essentially attend 
