6 Gold Region of Georgia, 
of the hill, where the stream had laid bare the formation, the horn 
blende slate crops out, affording evidence that the talcose slate rests 
upon it. ‘This I have remarked in many places, as well where dig- 
ging has made the disclosure, as where the streams have broken the E 
hills. A Mr. Lyon has opened at least two veins exemplifying this | 
position ; and Loud’s vein is another example. The end of the 
orse range mountain, broken down by Duke’s creek, gives still fur- j 
ther proof of the superposition of the talcose slate, upon the diabase, 
the gneiss and mica slate. ae 
While penetrating the talcose slate, the veins of quartz are seldom : 
found in situ ; reaching the diabase in the descent, the vein is usual- — 
ly larger and richer in gold. This rock, the base of the talcose 
slate being compact, holds the water above it ; it doubtless rests up- ’ 
on gneiss or granite, If it be true, as some suppose, that the depth — 
of veins is somewhat te to their length, we may in this 
country anticipate very deep mining before veins are exhausted ee 
wedged out. 
Before I quit the subject of the gold veins of Habersham, I vill 
mention one differing in structure from those treated of ; it is on the 
Tesantee ; the wall is talcose slate ; next the vein it is a protogene or 
talcose shan; passing into mica dime with quartz. ‘The center of the 
vein contained quarizose blocks, or thin flag, lying parallel to the wall;_ 
the whole was very dark and ferruginous, and full of gold finely dif- 
fused through it: the wall and vein could be separated in ——— 
and was easily reduced, [broken ?] 
The variety observable in the veins of Georgia, cionsimnel onesie 
on form in which the substances were associated, than in the sub- 
‘stances themselves. . The black crust observable on the rock taken 
out near the surface, could best be accounted for by examining one 
of the veins opened below the water. At Loud’s,a strong smell was" 
given off as soon as the rock was pel agen to the air ; this arose from 
decomposing pyrites, the ore containing this then in its own 
angue, and thus produced the black stain and apparent scoriz, sup- 
posed by the diggers to have some resemblance to lava or cinders;_ 
and it is attributable to this mineral that the stain on the boulders is- 
produced in branches, and ee smaller pebbles are ccoglomereianeny : 
_ gether by this ferruginous m: ) 
Of the other metals, and of the crystals of this region, —~ say 
little : there is iron and oxide of titanium in great abundance 5 also, 
copper pyrites in Rayburn ; of these the specimens shown me were 
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