North Carolina and. Tennessee. 9 
remains of art found here, I will mention some ‘lics discovered 
in Habersham. From Richardson’s deposit, not far from Yeona 
mountain, there were taken out of the washed mass hundreds of 
Gun flints, perfect and beautifully fashioned ; they are very large, 
and Dr. Troost says of French manufacture ; I presented him one for 
his museum. Lately out of another deposit a small vessel in form 
of a skillet, was dug up at the depth of fifteen feet. It is a com- 
pound of tin and copper with a trace of iron, and this it is said by 
the‘assayer Dr. Troost, is an evidence of its antiquity. A stone 
wall remains on the top of Yeona mountain; it exhibits the angles 
of a fortification, and guards the only accessible points of ascent 
to the top. Timbers in the Cherokee Gountry bearing marks of 
the axe have been taken up at the depth of ten feet below the sur- 
face. Indian tradition reaches none of these reniains. I leave 
them to the antiquarian. 
In the order of my return to Smoky mountain from Valley River, 
a passing notice of the prospect of mines on Nauteale and Tennessee, 
e mountain must not be omitted. Both these streams and 
their lower branches contain gold. At Wealch’s below the mouth of 
the Tuchasage there is much deposit gold, of which I procured some 
very fine specimens. The rock formation in this section, is a fine 
grained gneiss, mica slate and an indurated talcose slate mixed with 
quartz and garnet, with small cubic iron. 
Between the Smoky mountain and Blue ridge, and its transverse 
from the upper waters of the French bread to the Lookout mountain, 
containing five thousand square miles, there is a field presented to 
the mineralogist not perhaps equalled for extent and interest in the 
United States. The whole range of Smoky mountain is interesting ; 
as before remarked it is the line between the primitive and transi- 
tion, its acclivity is very steep, and its top extremely narrow. Quartz, 
talcose slate and greywacke are the principal rocks. Gold has been 
taken out of all the streams descending from it, on either side. Dr. 
Troost has explored a portion of it, thirty miles, and so far as he has 
examined, pronounces it a gold region. ‘The formation on the Ten- 
nessee side being different, [ cannot hazard an opinion whether it 
will yield other valaable metals, besides gold. Iron ore in many of 
its varieties, titanium and native silver with the gold washed our at 
oco creek, may be taken as favorable indications. 'The rocks of 
this mountain are unlike those of = Blue ridge. » That mountain 
Vou. XXIL—No. 1. 
