10 On the Temperature and Saltness of 
is: gneiss, with few veins of quartz, but Smoky mountain contains — 
immense masses of quartz rock, and where the quartz does not pre- — 
dominate, the graywacke takes its place. Where the spurs and — 
belts of this mountain have been broken away, veins of quartz run- — 
ning with the talcose’ slate are observable. Here, as in Georgia, — 
gold has been found in quartz rock out of place, but no vein has — 
been opened. Coco creek is a very rich deposit, but as yet few — 
deposits have been opened or washed. In Washington county near — 
this mountain, an interesting cave produces out of the same bank, ~ 
iron, lead, zinc and copper, but the mine has not been explored to 
any considerable depth. That science and enterprise should not — 
have been awakened, to explore this whole region, may well bea — 
matter of some surprise; mining however, is but just Si -_ 
countries thought to be richer, have called off adventurers. 
Leaving the auriferous regions, -we reach the Chitteawee range of 
mountains ; here roofing slate of a superior quality may be traced 
for fifty miles. Marbles of many and very beautiful varieties are 
traced parallel to the strata, which, as we observed through our ex- 
cursions, have never lost their position. We have next the gray- 
wacke slate, and with it the.red sandstone formation ; lead, in a line © 
parallel with the range of mountains, may be traced fone Viaheng a 
ton county into the Highwassa district. 
Conscious that my sketch must be imperfect, I with diffidence, 
resign it into the hands of more scientific observers, with the ear-— 
nest hope, that while it awakens curiosity, it may call into the field — 
those who have more time and superior means for investigation. 
Art. IIl.—On the temperature and Saliness of the Waters of the 
Ocean at different om : 
From the Edinburgh Journal of Scisnee i April, 1832. a 
Mee tain to the expedition of Kotzebue, made a social : 
of well conducted experiments on the temperature and_saltness of 
the ocean in different latitudes and at various depths. The instru- 
ment he employed for ascertaining the temperatures was an improve- 
ment upon that of Hales, being a large cylinder closed at both ends — 
by valves opening inwards, to one of which was attached a thermom- 
a 
