214 Review of the Practical Tourist. 
state in Great Britain and the United States, he estimates the num- 
ber of power looms for cotton in the former country in 1832, at 
‘about sixty thousand.—He adds concerning steam power that, 
~ “Tt requires about a one horse power of the steam engine stand- 
ard, to work twelve looms, with the machinery for dressing the webs. 
To keep in motion the above number of sixty thousand power looms, 
would therefore require a steam power rated equal to that of five 
d horses employed during twelve hours each day ; but, in 
reality, equal to the actual force of about ten «thousand ordinary 
horses, which animal is found capable of performing effective labor 
during only about eight hours of each day. ‘Thus is exhibited at 
a glance the surprising g economy of human strength brought — 
we! the single labor saving contrivance of the power loom.” 
The amount saved in the expense of weaving in a year, com- 
paring it with the cost of manual labor as formerly practised, our 
author estimates at ten million of dollars. 
“It can hardly be believed, indeed, at this late day, how great were 
the profits which resulted from the employment of Arkwright’s ma- 
chinery, when first invented. * * An English child employed at 
a machine was able to produce fabrics of greater exchangeable v 
‘than one or two score of able bodied men on the adjacent continent, 
or in the United States. One of the oldest cotton manufacturers in 
; a country, who commenced his business at a period whem the 
richest portion of the harvest of wealth had been gathered in Eng- 
Jand, has declared, that he would prefer to receive merely the profits . 
of one of -his old original cotton mills, after deducting all the cost of 
stock, labor and other charges, rather than the unconditional gift of 
the whole product of cloths from a mill of the same number of spit- 
dles at the present day. Cotton yarn of No. 100, was sold in Eng- 
land in 1788 at about eight dollars and three quarters per pound, and 
the same kind of article can now be bought in the same country for 
about seventy-five to one hundred cents.” ” 
- Inconnexion with cotton manufactures the author gives a cursory 
view of the equally rapid and wonderful extension of the culture of 
cotton, which now furnishes nearly half of the clothing to the inbabl- 
tants of the civilized world. 
“The cotton plant itself is a native of the three continents of 
Asia, Africa, and America, and flourishes in a broad zone of climates. 
In Hindoostan and South America, it shoots up into a tree with 
branches, and annually produces its bursting pods as a spontaneous : 
