Review of the Practical Tourist. 217 
“In case of loss of time by drought, or damage to steam engin 
the proprietors of mills shall be allowed twelve hours on Saturday, 
and one hour per day as additional labor. 
“No child shall be employed in any description of work in any 
mill until nine years old, except in silk mills, where they may be 
employed at seven years of age.” 
A description is given of the finishing processes by which cotton 
cloths, after they are taken from the looms, are prepared for va- 
rious uses. One of these is the singeing of the cloth to impart to 
it the appearance of linen, which was formerly effected by passing 
it over red hot cylinders. A blaze of gas is now substituted, “ which 
is made to issue from a tube perforated with a long row of nearly 
contiguous small holes, like those of the burners of a gas lamp. 
By kindling the gas issuing from one of the apertures, the blaze in- 
stantly flashes along the whole extent of the tube, forming a contin- 
ued sheet of dazzling flame, shooting upwards. Directly above this 
is fixed another tube of equal length, and perforated with a long slit 
exactly adapted to receive into its bottom cavity the jet of flame. 
The upper tube is connected with large nee worked by steam 
power, whereby a rush of air is created into the aperture of the 
slit. When the cloth is passed between the tubes, peg cnet 
from the lower one, is actually pte or sucked 
the texture between the threads, by means of the slit in the upper 
tube. The most delicate muslins may be thus passed through a 
Vivid sheet of flame, and become, during the fiery ordeal, not only 
divested of the rough fibres on the face of the texture, as has been 
previously accomplished by passing it over the red hot cylinder, but 
even the rough fibres between the threads are singed off by the pen- 
etrating flame, and the exact appearance of the smooth linen thread 
is produced. ee ees 
_ A particular description is given of the above mnanieomdanenaee 
and their mode of operation. This is followed by a sketch of the 
Processes of bleaching, printing, and calendering which differ very 
little from those employed in the United States. Nor is there much 
difference in the method which he describes of manufacturing woollen 
cloth by the English, excepting that they still weave woollen chiefly 
by hand instead of the power loom. The author concludes ‘this 
wir by the pees | interesting comparison. 
Vou. XXII.—No. 2. 28 
