se Port town of Lima, or the surge that overwhelmed the 
Facts relating to Diluvial Action. 245 
the violence of the current having ceased to- ascannaninapsscste4 
moval from its original position. 0 eta 
- The upper strata of the whole section of nts country foes the 
deluge, appear to have been composed of a common grey sandstone 
covering the surface of the rock from twelve to twenty four inches | 
thick. This seems to have been the last marine formation; itis full 
of fissures and cracks, being broken into small angular pieces by the 
* first violent surges of the deluge, and now scattered on the surface of 
the ground. 
The next lower strata are paddle toot; filled with cum and 
Gilden and other primitive minerals ; its parts are generally water 
worn and are from the size of a robin’s to that of a hen’s egg. ‘The 
next rock underneath is the old red sandstone, which is universally 
found in the bottoms of the vallies; on the tops however of the 
highest hills the red clay slate is universally found, and for eighty or 
ninety miles west, gives a reddish color to all the soils of the country, 
and passes southerly through New Jersey and Pennsylvania. 3 
The vallies in this section of country uniformly run from north 
to south, are in many instances from ten to twelve hundred feet deep, 
and are the beds of the large streams. The lesser vallies are cov- 
ered with pieces of red and grey sandstone of a convenient size for 
making fences. The most free and feasible land is always found on 
the | on the eastern sides of the hills, the western sides being 
adltormly steep and broken. ‘The whole of the earth or soil appears 
to have been removed from the solid strata at the deluge, and most, 
if not all the upper strata of sandstone, were then broken up. A 
smal] portion of the puddingstoné was also broken up in large 
Square blocks and occasionally pieces of the old red sandstone were 
detached from the bottom of the vallies. It is probable that pre- 
vious to the deluge there was little or no soil on this section of the 
eo that the hills, vallies and streams were the same previous to 
the deluge that they are at this time, excepting that the bills were 
dilapidated and lowered, and the deep vallies were made still deep- 
er by the tremendous cataracts and surges, the water being carried 
violently over the high ledges and hills and then, in crossing the ridges 
from west to east, falling ten or twelve hundred feet into the vallies. 
While contemplating such a scene, our imaginations must fall infinite- 
ly short of the reality. The single wave that totally er se 
fleet in Candia comes nearer to the terrific scene - y's mi- 
lar events that are recorded. es seit 
