x 6 botanical gazette. • [January 



welcome immigrant. May it not have been originally a bal- 

 last plant of some Canadian port, as Toronto, tor example.' 

 Another question to which I gave some attention was that 

 of how this modern intruder can be destroyed or expelled. 



About 

 ing the pi 



No 



the only remedy that had been tried was that of salt- 

 ... B ~e places infested with it. This, if thoroughly done, 

 kills the plant, but it also kills everything else. It is expen- 

 sive, and can only be successfully practiced in cases where 

 the plant is still confined to comparatively small spots. It 

 taken in time it can be temporarily kept from a given terri- 

 tory in this way. Its habit is to spread by small colonies, 

 which, if left undisturbed, will eventually become confluent 

 and cover entire fields. A single seed would probably pro- 

 duce one of these colonies in a few years, the original seed- 

 ling propagating by underground stolons through a succes- 

 sion of generations, and thus working out radially in all di- 

 rections. I visited the portion of Mr. J. P. Steinhilber s 



farm, where salting had been practiced some months previ- 

 ous, and saw that it had for the time being destroyed all 

 vegetation, but, singularly enough, I found growing in the 

 middle of the area thus blasted several large autumnal spec- 

 imens of the King-Devil in tine condition for the botanist, 

 two of which I collected and have specially labeled, 

 other vegetation whatever had sprung up on this sterilized 

 soil. Mr. Wayne Stewart, whom I was unable to meet per- 

 sonally, has conducted the experiment of salting on a large 

 scale/and is said to regard it as a success. After having 

 been destroyed in this way the plant will not reappear until 

 again seeded by the wind from other parts. 



The only other remedy I heard of was simply to plow the 

 plants under, when a crop may be raised upon the ground 

 thus plowed, and many of the roots will be killed. The sub- 

 ject should certainly be investigated scientifically at the State 

 Experimental Station and means devised, if possible, to pre- 

 vent the further spread of so dangerous an enemy of the ag- 

 ricultural industry of the state of New York. 



The species Hieracium frcealtum was originally named 

 by Dominique Villars in F. C. Gochnat's Tentamen medico- 

 botanicum de plantis Cichoraceis, 1808. De Candolle, in 

 the Prodromus, enumerates five varieties, but he treats .//. 

 fallax Willd., with its three varieties, as a distinct species. 

 These are now generally regarded as simply varieties of //- 

 ■prcealtttm, having the leaves somewhat narrower and acute, 

 more or less white-tomentose beneath and the stem si iring- 



