I2 6 BOTANICAL GAZETTE. [ May, 



ing them from insects which are in search of pollen, so that 

 the flowers are only adapted to be visited for honey. But 

 the hive-bee visits the flower only for pollen, and I have seen 

 no better illustration of its ingenuity than its success in gath- 

 ering it. With its head it pushes aside the inner petals, 

 partly separating them, while it removes the pollen with its 

 tront teet. 



The pendulous position of the flowers makes them incon- 

 venient for all visitors except bees (and Bombylius), but but- 

 terflies sometimes hang under the flowers and steal some of 

 the nectar. 



The nectar is secreted by two long processes of the mid- 

 dle stamens, and rises to the tip of the spur. A proboscis 

 about 8 mm. long is necessary to reach it, and one i2± to 14 

 mm. to obtain all of it. The females, which have longer 

 tongues than the males and workers, are the only individu- 

 als of Bombus which fly while this plant is in bloom, and 

 since the shortest-tongued of them can easily reach the nec- 

 tar, it is strange that any should ever be guilty of cutting 

 holes in the flowers. I have seen many individuals of four 

 >pecies sucking, but never perforating. ~ However, the flow- 

 ers are sometimes perforated by humble-bees ( ?), according 

 to Leggett, Bailey, Stone and Merriam 7 . One observer 

 tates that humble-bees made the holes, and that honey-bees 

 were sucking. The honey-bee's tongue is only 6 mm: long, 

 and can hardly reach any of the nectar, and although I have 

 seen this bee collecting pollen very often, I have never seen 

 it sucking. His honey-bee was evidently a Svnhalonia. 



are 



Observed on ten days, between April 9 and 30. Nos 

 proper visitors, the rest intruders. Hvmenontera-yl 



12 



, s A .- Hymenoptera-yl^/V/^.- 



( i) Apis melhlica L. $ , c. p. ; (2) Bombus virginicus Oliv. 9 ; 

 (3) b. separatus Cress.? ; (4) B. vagans Sm. 9 ; (S) B. 

 pennsylvanicus DeG. 9 ; (6) Anthophora ursina Cress. S : 

 (7) Habropoda floridana Sm. $ ; (8) Synhalonia atriventris 

 bm.<? ; (9) s. honesta Cress. $ 9 ; (10) Osmia latitarsis 

 Lress $ ; ( 1 1 ) O. montana Cress. $ ; ( 12) O. lignaria Say $ 9 . 

 Viptera-£om/>y/t<te: (13) Bombylius fratellus Wied.. 

 sometimes on cold days the exclusive visitor. 



Lepidotera-JZAopatocera : (14) Danais archippus F. 



L 



cept 1. 



(17) Pieris 

 sucking, ex- 



7 S- Pammel : Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci M v. p. 274. 



