1889.] BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 157 



Dr. Wm. Trelease has published the results of his study of Ilicine: 

 and Celastracese. 3 The paper is intended more as a call for additional 

 information than as a completed synopsis. In Ilex no change of nomen- 

 clature is proposed except the reduction of I. myrti folia to a variety of I. 

 Dahoon. A new species of Euonymus from S. California is described. 

 A notable feature of the paper is that it includes notes on the biology and 

 paleobotany of the groups considered. 



Illustrations of West American Oaks, from drawings by the late 

 Dr. A. Kellogg, has just been published in San Francisco. Prof. E. L. 

 Greene has prepared the text, while the funds for this elaborate quarto 

 pamphlet of over 50 pages and 24 plates have been provided by James M. 

 McDonald, Esq. A sketch of the life and work of Dr. Kellogg is given by 

 Mr. George Davidson, while an introductory account of oaks in general 

 is from the pen of Prof. Greene. The work is a most commendable one, 

 and the careful sketches of this difficult group made by an acute observer 

 are better than any amount of verbal description. Professor Greene has 

 also done his work well, and given us a careful account of the bibliogra- 

 phy and range of the specif s. The new species proposed are Q. MacDon- 

 aldi, Q. Engelmanni (Q oblwigifolia Engelm. in part), and Q. turbinella. 



What shall constitute a species, is even a more puzzling question 

 among bacteriologists than it is to the phaenogamist. Dr. Trelease stated 

 his views on this question recently to the Alumni Association of the rft. 

 Louis Medical College, and his address is printed in the Weekly Medical 

 Review, xix. 309. Morphological characters, with proper allowances, in- 

 cluding the mode of growth in solid cultures and the behavior of the 

 cells towards staining fluids are of prime importance. Physiological 

 characters (such as pigment production, specific fermentation and lique- 

 faction of gelatine) are apparently reliable. Pathogenic characters are 

 too unreliable to render species which depend on them above suspicion. 



A very interesting address is that from the same gentleman onMyr- 

 mecophilism, delivered as retiring president of the Cambridge Entomo- 

 logical Club. 4 The author considers the functions of extra-nuptial nec- 

 tar-glands, the occasional ant-domiciles on plants, and myrmecophilous 

 plants proper. The paper deals so much with details that it is impossible 

 to summarize it. It is accompanied by a bibliography of the important 

 papers on this subject. 



Professor Penhallow has endeavored to bring together in a con- 

 nected form the more important facts relating to the development of 

 botanical science in Canada. 5 The first 266 years, i. e., from the first 



? Tnms. St. Louis Acad. Science, v, 343-357. 

 4 Reprint from Psyche, 1809, pp. 171-180. 



^PMHALLOW, D. P.— Review of Canadian Botany from the first settlement of New 

 Prance to the nineteenth century. Part I. From the Trans. Roy. Soe. Can., v. 4, 45~«1 . 



4to. Montreal: Dawson Bros. 1888. 



