NO. 2 HARTMAN : QUANTITATIVE SURVEY 189 



METHODS 



This planned procedure was more or less consistently followed: 

 ( 1 ) The samples were collected, usually with the orange-peel grab, less 

 often with the larger Campbell grab, and processed aboard ship, using a 

 screen with finest mesh slightly less than a millimeter. (2) The washed 

 samples were fixed in formalin-seawater, and then transferred to the 

 laboratory, where more complete sorting and washing were done. Larger 

 macroscopic animals were removed, some of the larger ones weighed, and 

 assessments made of the largest individuals in the sample, the most con- 

 spicuous species, and the general characteristics of the faunal population. 

 (3) As many as possible of the invertebrate animals were identified to the 

 specific level, and counts made of individual species. Smaller animals, 

 including nematodes, small crustaceans (amphipods, isopods, cumaceans, 

 tanaids, ostracods, and others) as well as juvenile stages of other animals, 

 were probably taken only very incompletely because of the coarse tech- 

 niques employed. It is therefore all the more noteworthy that large num- 

 bers of these and other animals were retained in the individual samples. 



(4) Many species from southern California were newly described, 

 based on specimens found in the materials. Separate reports have been 

 issued for some major groups. Amphipods have been studied by Dr. J. 

 Laurens Barnard (1957-1963) and Barnard and Given (1960), cuma- 

 ceans by Mr. Robert Given (1961, 1964) and Barnard and Given 

 (1961) and some isopods by Dr. Robert Menzies (1959). Echinoderms 

 were identified by Mr. Ered Ziesenhenne (1951) and Barnard and 

 Ziesenhenne (1961) and polychaetes by Hartman (1955-1963). Mol- 

 lusks were studied by Mr. Gilbert E. Jones (1963, 1965), the late 

 Dr. Norman ^lattox (1955, 1958) and Dr. Mathilde Schwabl (1961, 

 1963). Ihere still remain many groups of animals requiring study, the 

 most important of which are nemerteans, sipunculids, enteropneusts, 

 ostracods, tanaids, ceriantharian and other coelenterates, and nematodes. 



(5) The distributions of individual species, with their relative abun- 

 dance, were named for each of the selected areas, and plotted by increasing 

 depth (see charts following the analyses for each area). These show not 

 only the recurrence of each species in single areas but throughout the 

 region, and associated ecological groupings, in a frame of reference. 



