140 Immigrant Plants in Los Angeles County, Cal. 
B. campestris, Mentha piperita or peppermint, Marrubium vulgare, 
(Hoarhound) and Nasturtium officinale, (common watercress), have 
passed control and become firmly naturalized. The peppermint and 
watercress, from the lack of water or marshy ground, are not very 
abundant, but the others have multiplied to such an extent as to 
become the commonest and most injurious of weeds, covering acres 
of ground, to the entire exclusion of more useful species. 
Malva borealis, the common mallow of the district, like Brass- 
ica nigra, grows so rank here as to be scarce recognizable as the 
European species, and springs up annually in most cultivated local- 
ities. 
Around town, in some of the drier, localities, the field Convol- 
vulus (Convolvulus arvensis), has secured a foothold. Its creeping 
habits and extensive rootlets make it one the most noxious and ine- 
radicable of weeds, and should it secure itself in the cultivated 
districts the farmer’s life will be no sinecure. 
The Caryophylaceze order has three representatives: 
Silene gallica, not uncommon in waste ground. 
Stellaria meadia, around yards, and Cerastium triviale, found 
occasionally in the lawns. 
Anthemis cotula, the May weed, is not uncommon on railway 
banks. Silybum Marianum, the milk thistle, grows along the San 
Gabriel. Centaurea meletensis, Sonchus oleracea and Sonchus asper 
are common in the city, the latter, contrary to the usual experience, 
is as common here as 8. oleracea. 
The common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) may be observed 
in the lawns among imported grasses, but it does not take kindly to 
the dry soils. 
A few specimens of Vicia sativa, the tare of cultivation, Dip- 
sacus fullonum, the fuller’s teazel, are annually found as escapes 
from cultivation. 
Around the gardens and roadsides Polygonum aviculare and 
Chenopodium album are very common. The Plantago major may 
be found in moist ground, near zanjas, while its lesser brother, the 
P. lanceolata, or rib-grass, struggles for a casual existence in the 
grounds in the city. 
Last of all, comes the Urtica urens, the lesser nettle, clinging, 
according to its Old World custom, around the haunts of man. 
These, so far as I have observed, comprise all the European 
immigrants present in and around Los Angeles, but as time rolls on, 
we shall, no doubt, see the importation of many others. 
A. Davidson. 
