MALLERY. | PETROGLYPHS IN ONTARIO AND MANITOBA. 43 
He also, later, incloses a letter received by himself from Mr. Newton 
Flanagan, of the Hudson Bay Company, an extract from which is as 
follows: 
About the dimensions of the red rock in Nipigon bay, upon which appear the In- 
dian painted pictures, as near as I can give you at present, the face of the rock 
fronting the water is about 60 feet, rising to a greater height as it runs inland. The 
width along the water is something like 900 yards, depth quite a distance inland. 
The pictures are from 10 to 15 or perhaps 20 feet above the water; the pictures are 
representations of human figures, Indians in canoes, and of wild animals, They are 
supposed to have been painted ages ago, by what process or for what reason I am 
unable to tell you, nor do I know how the paint is made indelible. 
As far as I can gather, the Indians here have no traditions in regard to those 
paintings, which I understand occur in several places throughout the country, and 
none of the Indians hereabouts nowadays practice any such painting. 
MANITOBA. 
Mr. Hallock also furnishes information regarding a petroglyph, the 
locality of which he gives as fotlows: Roche Percée, on the Souris 
river, in Manitoba, near the international boundary, 270 miles west of 
Dufferin, and nearly due north from Bismarck. This is an isolated 
rock in the middle of a plain, covered with pictographs of memorable 
events. It stands back from the river a half mile. 
Mr. A.C. Lawson (@) gives an illustrated account of petroglyphs on the 
large peninsula extending into the Lake of the Woods and on an island 
adjacent to it. Strictly speaking this peninsula is in the district of 
Keewatin, but it is very near the boundary line of Manitoba, to which 
it is attached for administrative purposes. The account is condensed 
as follows: 
On the north side of this peninsula, i. e., on the south shore of the northern half 
of the lake, about midway between the east and west shores, occurs one of the two 
sets of hieroglyphic markings. Lying off shore at a distance of a quarter to a half 
a mile, and making with it a long sheltered channel, is a chain of islands, trending 
east and west. On the south side of one of these islands, less than a mile to the west 
of the first locality, is to be seen the other set of inscriptions. The first set oceurs 
on the top of a low, glaciated, projecting point of rock, which presents the char- 
acters of an ordinary roche moutonnée. The rock is a very soft, foliated, green, 
chloritie schist, into which the characters are more or less deeply carved. The top 
of the rounded point is only a few feet above the high-water mark of the lake, whose 
waters rise and fall in different seasons through a range of ten feet. The antiquity 
of the inscriptions is at once forced upon the observer upon a careful comparison of 
their weathering with that of the glacial grooves and striw, which are very dis- 
tinetly seen upon the same rock surface. Both the ice grooves and carved inscrip- 
tions are, so far as the eye can judge, ideutical in extent of weathering, though 
there was doubtless a considerable lapse of time between the disappearance of the 
glaciers and the date of the carving. 
The island on which were found the other inscriptions is one of the many steep 
rocky islands known among the Indians as Ka-ka-ki-wa-bie min-nis, or Crow-rock 
island. The rock is a hard greenstone, not easily cut, and the inscriptions are not 
eut into the rock, but are painted with ochre, which is much faded in places. ‘Phe 
surface upon which the characters are inscribed forms an overhanging wall pro- 
tected from the rain, part of which has fallen down. 
