106 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
to a single rock, called Kté-i Tupakshi (standing rock), situated about 
50 yards north of Sprague river and 150 yards from the junction of 
Sprague and Williamson rivers. It is about 10 feet high, 14 feet long, 
and 12 or 14 feet deep. Fig. 69, drawn one-twelfth of the natural size, 
illustrates the character of the paintings seen on the smooth southern 
surface of this rock. The most frequent designs are single or concen- 
trie circles, like Fig. 69, a, which consists of a dark red cirele sur- 
rounded by a white one, the center being formed by a round red spot. 
Fig. 69, b, painted in dark red and white colors, exhibits a somewhat 
Mahadeo-like shape; the straight appendage of the circle is provided 
on each side with short projecting lines, alternately red and white, and 
almost producing the effect of the so-called herring-bone ornament. 
a b c d 
Fic. 69.—Petroglyphs in Lake county, Oregon. 
Fig. 69, c and d, executed in dark red, are other designs seen on the 
standing rock above mentioned. The colors, which, as the informant 
thinks, are rubbed in with grease, appear quite distinct on the dark 
surface of the rock. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 
Along the river courses in northern and western Pennsylvania many 
rocks are found bearing traces of carvings, though, on account of the 
character of the geological formations, some of them are nearly oblit- 
erated. 
In 1875 Mr. P. W. Shafer published in a historical map of Pennsylvania 
several groups of pictographs. These had before appeared in a rude 
and crowded form in the Transactions of the Anthropological Institute 
of New York, 1871—72, page 66, where the localities are mentioned as 
“Big” and “Little” Indian rocks, respectively. One of these rocks is 
in the Susquehanna river, below the dam at Safe harbor, and the draw- 
ing clearly shows its Algonquian origin. ‘The characters are nearly all 
either animals or various forms of the human body. Birds, bird tracks, 
and serpents also occur, A part of this pictograph is presented below, 
Fig. 1089. 
_ Dr. W. J. Hoffman visited this place during the autumn of 1889 and 
made sketches of the petroglyphs. The Algonquian type of delineation 
of objects is manifest. 
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