MALLERY. | IN TEXAS. 13 Us" 
in circumference, yellow on the upper side and a yellowish red on the lower. The 
colors are very fresh and unfaded. The rays, both yellow and red, are represented 
as darting from the center. It has been spoken of ever since the river was navigated 
and has been there from time immemorial. * ~*~ * 
The painting on Big Harpeth, before spoken of, is more than 80 feet from the 
water and 30 or 40 below the summit. All these paintings are in unfading colors, 
and on parts of the rock inaccessible to animals of every description except the fowls 
of the air. The painting is neatly executed, and was performed at an immense haz- 
ard of the operator. 
Mr. W. M. Clarke, in Smithsonian Report for 1877, page 275, says: 
On the bluffs of the Big Harpeth many pictures of Indians, deer, buffalo, and bows 
and arrows are to be seen. These pictures are rudely drawn, but the coloring is as 
perfect now as when first put on. 
Haywood (b) says: 
At a gap of the mountains and near the head of Brasstown creek, which is toward 
the head of the Hiawassee, and among the highlands, is a large horizontal rock on 
which are engraved the tracks of deer, bears, horses, wolves, turkeys, and barefooted 
human beings of all sizes. Some of the horses’ tracks appear to have slipped for- 
ward. The direction of them is westward. Near them are signs of graves. 
He also (¢) gives the following account: 
On the sonth bank of the Holston, 5 miles above the mouth of French Broad, is a 
bluff of limestone opposite the mounds and acaveinit. The bluffis 100 feet in height. 
On it are painted in red colors, like those on the Paint rock, the sun and moon, a man, 
birds, fishes, etc. The paintings have in part faded within a few years. Tradition 
says these paintings were made by the Cherokees, who were accustomed in their 
journeys to rest at this place. Wherever on the rivers of Tennessee are perpendic- 
ular bluffs, on the sides, and especially if caves be near, are often found mounds 
near them, inclosed in intrenchments, with the sun and moon painted on the rocks, 
and charcoal and ashes in the smaller mounds. These tokens seem to be evincive of 
a connection between the mounds, the charcoal and ashes, the paintings and the 
caves. 
TEXAS. 
Mr. J. R. Bartlett (b) gives the following account: 
About 30 miles from E] Paso del Norte, in Texas, very near the boundary line of 
Mexico, there is an overhanging rock, extending for some distance, the whole sur- 
face of which is covered with rude paintings and sculptures, representing men, ani- 
mals, birds, snakes, and fantastic figures. The colors used are black, red, white, 
and a brownish yellow. The sculptures are mere peckings with a sharp instrument 
just below the surface of the rock. The accompanying engravings [reproduced in 
Fig. 80] show the character of the figures and the taste of the designers. Hundreds 
of similar ones are painted on the rocks at this place. Some of them, evidently of 
‘ great age, had been partly defaced to make room for more recent devices. 
The overhanging rock, beneath which we encamped, seemed to have been a favorite 
place of resort for the Indians, as it is at the present day for all passing travelers. 
The recess formed by this rock is about 15 feet in length by 10 in width. Its entire 
surface is covered with paintings, one laid on over the other, so that it is difficult 
to make out those which belong to the aborigines. I copied a portion of these fig- 
ures, about which there can be no doubt as to the origin. They represent Indians 
with shields and bows, painted with a brownish earth; horses, with their riders; un- 
couth looking animals, and a large rattlesnake. Similar devices cover the rock in 
every part, but are much defaced. Near this overhanging rock is the largest and 
finest tank or pool of water to be found about here. It is only reached by clamber- 
