124 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
WEST VIRGINIA. 
Mr. John Haywood (d) gives the following account: . 
In the covnty of Kenhaway [Kanawha] about 4 miles below the Burning spring, 
and near the mouth of Campbell’s creek, in the state of Virginia, is a rock of great 
size, on which, in ancient times, the natives engraved many representations. There 
is the figure of almost every indigenous animal—the buffalo, the bear, the deer, the 
fox, the hare, and other quadrupeds of various kinds; fish of the various produc- 
tions of the western waters, fowis of different descriptions, infants scalped, scalps 
alone, and men as large as life. The rock is in the river Kenhaway, near its north- 
ern shore, accessible only at low water unless by the aid of water craft. 
The following notice of the same locality, but perhaps not of the 
same rock, was published by James Madison (a), bishop of Virginia, 
in 1804: 
I cannot conelude this letter without mentioning another curious specimen of Indian 
labour, and of their progress in one of the arts. This specimen is found within 4 
miles of the place whose latitude I endeavoured to take, and within 2 of what are 
improperly called Burning springs, upon a rock of hard freestone, which sloping to 
the south, touching the margin of the river, presents a flat surface of above 12 feet 
in length and 9 in breadth, with a plane side to the east of 8 or 9 feet in thickness. 
Upon the upper surface of this rock, and also upon the side, we see the outlines 
of several figures, cut without relief, except in one instance, and somewhat larger 
than the life. The depth of the outline may be half an inch; its width three-quar- 
ters, nearly, in some places. In one line ascending from the part of the rock nearest 
the river there is a tortoise; a spread eagle, executed with great expression, particu- 
larly the head, to which is given ashallow relief, and a child, the outline of which is 
very well drawn. In a parallel line there are other figures, but among them that of 
a woman only can be traced. These are very indistinct. Upon the side of the rock 
there are two awkward figures which particularly caught my attention. One is 
that of a man with his arms uplifted, and hands spread out as if engaged in prayer. 
His head is made to terminate in a point, or rather, he has the appearance of some- 
thing upon the head of a triangular or conical form; near to him is another similar 
figure suspended by a cord fastened to his heels. I recollected the story which 
Father Hennepin relates of one of the missionaries from Canada who was treated in 
a somewhat similar manner, but whether this piece of seemingly historical seulpture 
has reference to such an event can be only a matter of conjecture. A turkey, badly 
executed, with a few other figures may also be seen. The labour and the persever- 
ance requisite to cut those rude figures in a rock so hard that steel appeared to make 
but little impression upon it, must have been great; much more so than making of 
enclosures in a loose and fertile soil. 
Another petroglyph, a copy of which is presented in Fig. 1088, is 
thus described in a letter from Morgantown, West Virginia: 
The famous pictured rocks on the Evansville pike, about 4 miles from this place, 
have been a source of wonder and speculation for more than a century, and have 
attracted much attention among the learned men of this country and Europe. The 
cliff upon which these drawings exist is of considerable size and within a short dis- 
tance of the highway above mentioned, The rock is a white sandstone, which 
wears little from exposure to the weather, and upon its smooth surface are delineated 
the outlines of at least fifty [?] species of animals, birds, reptiles, and fish, embrac- 
ing in the number panthers, deer, buffalo, otters, beavers, wildeats, foxes, wolves, 
raccoons, opossums, bears, elk, crows, eagles, turkeys, eels, various sorts of fish, 
large and small, snakes, ete. In the midst of this silent menagerie of specimens of 
the animal kingdom is the full length outline of a female form, beautiful and per- 
