144 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
In Fig. 105 Mr. MeNiel’s sketch of the southwest face of the rock is 
presented. 
Fic. 105.—Petroglyphs in Colombia. 
Other illustrations from Colombia appear as Figs. 151 and 1166, infra. 
GUIANA. 
The name of Guiana has been applied to the territory between the 
rivers Amazon, Orinoco, Negro, and Cassiquiare. It was once divided 
into the French, British, Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish Guianas. 
The Portuguese Guiana now belongs to Brazil and Spanish Guiana is 
part of Venezuela. Many petroglyphs have been found in the several 
Guianas. They appear throughout the whole of the part belonging to 
Venezuela, but they are more thickly grouped in parts of the valley of 
the Orinoco. 
The subject is well discussed in the following extract from Among 
the Indians of Guiana, by im Thurn (a): 
The pictured rocks of Guiana are not all of one kind. In all cases various figures 
are rudely depicted on larger or smaller surfaces of rocks. Sometimes these figures 
are painted, though such cases are few and of but little moment; more generally 
they are graven on the rock, and these alone are of great importance. Rock sculp- 
tures may, again, be distinguished into two kinds, differing in the depth of incision, 
the apparent mode of execution, and, most important of all, the character of the 
figures represented. 
Painted rocks in British Guiana are mentioned by Mr. C. Barrington Brown. He 
says that in coming down past Amailah fall, on the Cooriebrong river, he passed “a 
large white sandstone rock ornamented with figures in red paint.” * * * Mr. 
Wallace, in his account of his Travels on the Amazons, mentions the occurrence of 
similar drawings in more than one place near the Amazons. * * * 
The engraved rocks must be of some antiquity; that is to say, they must certainly 
date from a time before the influence of Europeans was much felt in Guiana. As has 
already been said, the engravings are of two kinds and are probably the work of 
two different people; nor is there even any reason to suppose that the two kinds 
were produced at one and the same time. 
These two kinds of engravings may, for the sake of convenience, be distinguished ~ 
as ‘“‘deep”’ and “shallow,” respectively, according as the figures are deeply cut into 
the rock or are merely scratched on the surface. The former vary from one-eighth 
to one-half of an inch, or even more, in depth; the latter are of quite inconsiderable 
depth. This difference probably corresponds with a difference in the means by 
which they were produced. The deep engravings seem cut into the rock with an 
edged tool, probably of stone; the shallow figures were apparently formed by long 
