MALLERY. ] NUMERATION AND ACCOUNTS. 259 
strung on astring, six white ones to represent the days of the week, and one black, or 
other color, to stand for Sundays. This method gave rise to some confusion, because 
the Indians had been told that there were four weeks, or Sundays (“ Domingos’’), in 
each “ Luna,” or moon, and yet they soon found that their own method of determining 
time by the appearance of the crescent moon was much the more satisfactory. Among 
the Zuni I have seen little tally sticks with the marks for the days and months in- 
cised on the narrow edges, and among the Apache another method of indicating the 
flight of time by marking on a piece of paper along a horizontal line a number of 
circles or of straight lines across the horizontal datum line to represent the full days 
which had passed, a heavy straight line for each Sunday, and a small crescent for 
the beginning of each month. 
Itis not necessary to discuss the obvious method of repeating strokes, 
dots, knots, human heads or forms, weapons, and totemic designs, to 
designate the number of persons or articles referred to in the picto- 
graphs where they appear. 
SECTION 9. 
ACCOUNTING. 
The Abnaki, in especial the Passamaquoddy division of the tribe in 
Maine, during late years have been engaged in civilized industries in 
which they have found it necessary to keep accounts. These are in- 
teresting as exhibiting the aboriginal use of ideographie devices which , 
are only partially supplemented by the imitation of the symbols pecu- 
liar to European civilization. Several of these devices were procured 
by the present writer in 1888, and are illustrated and explained as fol- 
lows: 
\ Lor i——_S 
: Gf == 5 Ir “yf 
ih 
2 Fal A app i PPPPPD 
eee Konh RONSe OT PPP 
Meee ee ors) ope 
-— —_ 
PPD XXX — 
Fic. 175.—Shop account. 
A deer hunter brings 3 deerskins, for which he is allowed $2 each, 
making $6; 30 pounds of venison, at 10 cents per pound, making $3. 
In payment thereof he purchases 3 pounds of powder, at 40 cents per 
pound; 5 pounds of pork, at 10 cents per pound; and 2 gallons of mo- 
lasses, at 50 cents per gallon. The debit foots $35.50, according to the 
