MALLERY. ] PASSAMAQUODDY BOOK-KEEPING. 261 
a line across to denote $1, a cross to represent 10 cents, and the five short 
vertical lines for an additional 5 cents, making a total of $1.15. The 
pork received from the trader is indicated by the outline of a pig, while 
the crossed lines to the right denotes that the “account” is canceled. 
Another customer, aS shown in Fig. 177, was an old woman, the 
descendent of an ancient name—one known before the coming of white 
people. She was therefore called the “Owl,” and is represented in the 
“account” given below. She had bought on credit 1 plug of smoking 
tobacco, designated by one vertical stroke for the quantity and an oblong 
square figure corresponding to the shape of the package, which was to 
be used for smoking, as indicated by the spiral lines to denote smoke. 
She had also purchased 2 quarts of kerosene oil, the quantity desig- 
nated by the two strokes preceding the small squares to represent quart 
measures, and the liquid is indicated by the rude outline of a kerosene 
lamp. This is followed by two crosses, representing 20 cents, as the 
value of the amount of her purchases. This account was settled by 
giving one basket, as shown in the device nearly beneath the owl, half 
of which is marked with crossed lines, connected by a line of dots or 
dashes with the cancellation mark at the extreme right of the record. 
“ 
1 / - 
1/es es XX - ] 
oe Oe EG eee 3 
Fic. 177.—Shop account. 
Another Passamaquoddy Indian, unable to read or write, carries on 
business and keeps his books according to a method of his own inven- 
tion. One account is reproduced in Fig. 178. It is with a very slim 
Indian, as will be observed from the drawing, who carries on “truck- 
ing” and owns a horse, that animal being represented in outline and 
connected by lines with its owner. For services he was paid $5.45, 
which sum is shown in the lower line of characters by tive dollar-marks— 
i. e., rings with strokes across them—4 crosses or numerals signifying 10 
cents each, and five short vertical lines for 5 cents. The date is shown in 
the upper line of characters, the 4 short lines in front of the horse signity- 
ing 4, the oval figure next, to the right and intended for a circle, de- 
noting the moon—i. e., the fourth moon, or April—while the 10 short 
strokes signify the tenth day of the month—i. e., he was paid $5.45 in 
full for services to April 10. 
Another account was with a young woman noted as very slim, and 
is shown in Fig. 179. The girl brought a basket to the store, for which 
