MALLERY.] BATTISTE GOOD’S CYCLES. 291 
pipe to the blue patch denotes the relation. The Dakotas have always 
supposed she meant by this that the blue smoke of the pipe was one with 
or nearly related to the blue sky; hence, on a clear day, before smoking, 
_ they often point the stem of the pipe upward, in remembrance of her 
words. Pointing south, she said, “Clouds of many colors may come 
up from the south, but look at the pipe and the blue sky and know that 
the clouds will soon pass away and all will become blue and clear 
again.” Pointing west, i. e., to the lowest part of the circle, she said, 
“When it shall be blue in the west, know that it is closely related to 
you through the pipe and the blue heavens, and by that you shall grow 
rich.” Then she stood up before them and said, “I am The White-Buf- 
falo-Cow; my milk is of four kinds; I spill it on the earth that you may 
live by it. You shall call me Grandmother. If you young men will 
follow me over the hills you shall see my relatives.” She said this four 
times, each time stepping back from them a few feet, and after the 
fourth time, while they stood gazing at her, she mysteriously disap- 
peared. [It is well known that four is the favorite or magic number 
among Indian tribes generally, and has reference to the four cardinal 
points.| The young men went over the hills in the direction she took 
and there found a large herd of buffalo. 
(NorE BY Dr. CoRBUSIER.—Mr. Cleveland states that he has heard 
several different versions of this tradition.) 
The man who first told the people of the appearance of the woman 
is represented both inside and outside the circle. He was thirty years 
old at the time, and said that she came as narrated above, in July of 
the year of his birth. Outside of the circle, he is standing with a pipe 
in his hand; inside, he is squatting, and has his hands in the position 
for the gesture-sign for pipe. The elm tree and yucea, or Spanish bayo- 
net, both shown above the tipis, indicate that in those days the Dakota 
obtained fire by rapidly revolving the end of a dry stalk of the yucea 
in a hole made in a rotten root of the elm. The people used the bow 
and stone-pointed arrows, which are shown on the right. From time 
immemorial they have kept large numbers of sticks, shown by the side 
of the pipe, each one about as thick and as long as a lead-pencil (sic), 
for the purpose of counting and keeping record of numbers, and they 
cut notches in larger sticks for the same purpose. 
(Nore By DR. CoRBUSIER.—They commonly resort to their fingers 
in counting, and the V of the Roman system of notation is seen in the 
outline of the thumb and index, when one hand is held up to express 
five, and the X in the crossed thumbs, when both hands are held up 
together to express ten.) 
The bundle of these sticks drawn in connection with the ceremonial 
pipe suggests the idea of an official recorder. 
Pl. xx1 B, 931-1000. From the time the man represented in Pl. xx1 A 
was seventy years of age, i.e., from the year 931, time is counted by cycles 
of seventy years until 1700. This figure illustrates the manner of killing 
buffalo before and after the appearance of The-Woman. When the 
