MALLERY.] NOTICE OF DEPARTURE. 331 
dead, of Big Raven, baptized as Noel Joseph, who lived all alone on 
Long Lake, a few miles from Princeton, Maine. He would not have 
anything to do with civilization, and subsisted by hunting and fishing 
in the old fashion, nor would he learn a word of French or English. 
When he would go on any long expedition his custom was to tie to a 
stick conspicuously attached to his wigwam a small roll of birch bark, 
with the wikhegan on it for the information of his friends. 
The upper device of Fig. 438 means, I am going across the lake to 
hunt deer. 
The middle device means, I am going towards the lake and will turn 
off at the point where there is a pointer, before reaching the lake. 
The lower device means, I am going hunting—will be gone all winter, 
the last information indicated by snowshoes and packed sledge. 
Fic. 438.—Hunting notices. 
The following description of a pictograph on the Pacitic coast is ex- 
tracted from Dr. Gibbs’ (a) account, “‘Tribes of Western Washington,” 
etc., Contrib. to N. A. Ethn. I, p. 222, of the Sound tribes. 
A party of Snakes are going to hunt strayed horses. A figure of aman, with a long 
queue or scalp lock, reaching to his heels, denoted Shoshone; that tribe being in 
the habit of braiding horse or other hair into their own in that manner. A number 
of marks follow, signifying the strength of the party. A footprint, pointing in the 
direction they take, shows their course, and a hoof mark turned backward, that 
they expect to return with animals. If well armed, and expecting a possible attack, 
a little powder mixed with sand tells that they are ready, or a square dotted about 
the figures indicates that they have fortified. These pictographs are often an object 
of study to decipher the true meaning. The shrewder or more experienced old men 
consult over them. It is not everyone that is sufficiently versed in the subject to 
decide correctly. 
Dr. W. J. Hoffman obtained the original of the accompanying draw- 
