338 PICTURE-WRITING OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 
Plain sticks are sometimes used by the Ojibwa to indicate direction. 
These vary in length according to the fancy of the person and the 
requirements of the case. They are stuck into the ground, and lean in 
the direction to which notice is invited. 
When a preconcerted arrangement is made, scrolls of birch bark are 
used, upon which important geographic features are delineated, so that 
the reader can, with little difficulty, learn the course taken by the 
traveler. For instance, a hunter upon leaving his home, deposits there 
a scroll bearing marks such as appear in Fig. 448: 
Ae 
$$ ve 
Fig. 448,—Ojibwa notice of direction. 
a is a stream to be followed to a lake b, where the hunter will erect 
his lodge ¢, during his stay. The do-dém (totem) is added, used be- 
tween persons or parties communicating, to show who was the one that 
drew it. Itis in the nature of a signature. 
Fig. 449 shows a still existing use of the wikhegan between a Penob- 
scot Indian and his nephew. It is copied from the original, incised on 
birch bark, by Nicholas Francis, a Penobscot, of Oldtown, Maine, which 
was obtained and kindly presented by Miss A. L. Alger of Boston. 
Fic. 449.— Penobscot notice of direction. 
Pitalo (Roaring Lion), English name, Noel Lyon, and his old uncle, 
aged over 70 years, went trapping for beaver in 1885 and camped at d, 
near Moosehead Lake h, having their supply tent at e. They visited 
the ponds a and b and knew there were beaver there, and set traps 
for them, ff. The beaver dams are also shown extending across the 
outlets of the streams. Noel came back from pond b one day to the 
