MALLERY. ] PASSAMAQUODDY DIRECTION. 339 
camping tent and found this birch-bark wikhegan made by the old 
uncle, who still used the pictographic method, as he does not know how 
to write, and by this Noel knew his uncle had gone to pond ¢ to see if 
there were any beaver there and would be gone one night, the latter 
expressed by one line g drawn between the two arrows pointing in op- 
posite directions, showing the going and returning on the same trail. 
The notable part of the above description is that the wikhegan con- 
sisted of the chart of the geographic features before traversed by the 
two trappers, with the addition of new features of the country undoubt- 
edly known to both of the Indians, but not before visited in the present 
expedition. This addition exhibited the departure, its intent, direction, 
and duration. 
Fig. 450.—Passamaquoddy notice of direction. 
Sapiel Selmo, a chief of the Passamaquoddy tribe, who gave to the 
writer the wikhegan copied as Fig. 450, in 1887, was then a very aged 
man and has since died. He lived at Pleasant point, 7 miles north of 
Eastport, Maine. He was the son of a noted chief, Selmo Soctomah 
(a corruption of St. Thomas), who, as shown by a certificate exhibited, 
commanded 600 Passamaquoddy Indians in the Revolutionary war. 
When a young man Sapiel, with his father, had a temporary camp, 4, 
at Machias Lake. He left his father and went to their permanent 
home at Pleasant Point, b, to get meat, and then returned to the first 
camp (route shown by double track) and found that his father had 
gone, but that he had left in the temporary wigwam the wikhegan on 
birch bark, showing that he had killed one moose, the meat of which 
Sapiel found in the snow, and that the father was going to hunt moose 
