MALLERY. | SOUTH AMERICAN TATTOO, 407 
belong. They tattoo by entering an awl or needle under the skin and drawing it 
out, immediately rubbing powdered charcoal into the wounds. ~ * * On the 
Yukon river among the Kutchins, the men draw a black stripe down the forehead 
and the nose, frequently crossing the forehead and cheeks with red lines and streak- 
ing the chin alternately with red and black. and the women tattoo the chin with a 
black pigment. 
Stephen Powers, in Overland Monthly, x11, 537, 1874, says of the 
Normoes: 
I saw a squaw who had executed on her cheeks the only representation of a living 
object which I ever saw done in tattooing. It was a couple of bird’s wings, one on 
each cheek, done in blue, bottom-edge up, the butt of the wing at the corner of the 
mouth, and the tip near the ear. It was quite well wrought, both in correctness of 
form and in delicateness of execution, not only separate feathers but even the fila- 
ments of the vane, being finely pricked in. 
Dr. Franz Boas (c¢) says: 
Tattooings are found on arms, breast, back, legs, and feet among the Haida; on 
arms and feet among the Tshimshian, Kwakiutl and Bilqula; on breast and arms 
among the Nootka; on the jaw among the Coast Salish women. 
Among the Nootka scars may frequently be seen running at regular intervals from 
the shoulder down the breast to the belly, and in the same way down the legs and 
ATMS ee 
Members of tribes practicing the Hamats’a ceremonies show remarkable scars pro- 
duced by biting. At certain festivals it is the duty of the Hamats’a to bite a piece 
of flesh out of the arms, leg, or breast of a man. 
TATTOO IN SOUTH AMERICA. 
Dr. im Thur (c¢) says: 
Tattooing or any other permanent interference with the surface of the skin by 
way of ornament is practiced only to a very limited extent by the Indians; is used, 
in fact, only to produce the small distinctive tribal mark which many of them 
bear at the corners of their mouths or on their arms. Itis true that an adult Indian 
is hardly to be found on whose thighs and arms, or on other parts of whose body 
are nota greater or less number of indelibly incised straight lines; but these are scars 
originally made for surgical, not ornamental purposes. 
Herndon and Gibbon (a), p. 319, report: 
Following the example of the other nations of Brazil (who tattoo themselves with 
thorns, or pierce their nose, the lips, and the ears,) and obeying an ancient law 
which commands these different tortures, this baptism of blood, * * * the 
Mahués have preserved * ~*~ * the great festival of the Tocandeira. 
Paul Marcoy ()) says of the Passés, Yuris, Barrés, and Chumanas, 
of Brazil, that they mark their faces (in tattoo) with the totem or em- 
blem of the nation to which they belong. It is possible at a few steps 
distant to distinguish one nation from another. 
EXTRA-LIMITAL TATTOO. 
Ancient monarchs adopted special marks to distinguish slaves; like- 
wise for vengeance as an indelible and humiliating brand, a certain 
tattoo denounced him who had fallen into disgrace with a sovereign. 
Two monks having censured the iconoclastic frenzy of the emperor 
