MALLERY.] MAGIC DRUMS. 515 
these circles are representations of drums, and the three human figures 
are masters or spirits of localities. 
The lower right-hand design (d) in the same figure has in the upper 
section five zigzag lines represented similar to those with which light- 
ning is often represented. According to the shaman these are serpents, 
The upper left-hand design (a) in Fig. 722 inside the drum has painted 
two trees. On each of them sits the bird karagush, with bill turned to 
the left. On the left of the trees are two circles, one dark (the moon), 
Fic. 721.—Tartar and Mongol drums. 
the other light (the sun). Below a horizontal line are depicted a frog, 
a lizard, and a serpent. 
The upper right-hand design (}) in the same figure has on the upper 
half two circles, the sun and moon; on the left side four horsemen; 
under them a bowman, also on horseback. The center is occupied by 
a picture of a net and a seive for winnowing the nuts and seeds of the 
cedar tree. On the right side are two trees, baigazuin (literally the 
rich birch), over which two birds, the karagush, are floating. Under a 
